不同黄金百香果品种果肉挥发性成分分析

Analysis of volatile components in sarcocarp of different varieties of yellow passion fruit

以黄金百香果品种黄香1号、大黄金百香果、芭乐小黄金百香果、海蜜1号、钦蜜9号为试验材料,对5个品种成熟果实基本品质性状和挥发性成分进行比较分析。结果表明:5个黄金百香果品种果肉共检测出132种挥发性成分(以酯类为主,其次为萜烯类),其中含有76种共有挥发性成分,各品种挥发性成分种类从高到低排序依次为黄香1号>芭乐小黄金百香果>海蜜1号>大黄金百香果>钦蜜9号;经韦恩图分析发现,黄香1号含有5种特有香气成分,芭乐小黄金百香果和海蜜1号均含有2种特有香气成分;ROAV分析发现,各品种中关键香气成分从高到低排序依次为海蜜1号>钦蜜9号>黄香1号>大黄金百香果>芭乐小黄金百香果;关键香气成分热图和PCA分析表明,5个黄金百香果品种可分为2类,第1类为黄香1号、大黄金百香果、芭乐小黄金百香果和钦蜜9号,起主要贡献作用的关键香气成分是β-紫罗兰酮,第2类为海蜜1号,起主要贡献作用的关键香气成分是己酸乙酯。综上所述,不同黄金百香果品种间的挥发性成分和关键香气成分存在差异,可作为不同品种间的鉴定依据,在5个黄金百香果品种中黄香1号含有丰富的挥发性成分,是以香气作为育种目标的良好亲本和育种材料,为进一步加快百香果新品种选育奠定基础。

The yellow passion fruit varieties‘Huangxiang 1’,‘Big Yellow Passion Fruit’,‘Guava Little Yellow Passion Fruit’,‘Haimi 1’,and‘Qinmi 9’were used as experimental material to compare the basic quality traits and volatile components in the ripe fruits.The results showed that a total of 132 volatile components were detected in the sarcocarp of five varieties of yellow passion fruit,mainly esters followed by terpenes.Among them,76 volatile components were commonly found.In each variety,the sequence of volatile components from highest to lowest was as follows:‘Huangxiang 1’>‘Guava Little Yellow Passion Fruit’>‘Haimi 1’>‘Big Yellow Passion Fruit’>‘Qinmi 9’.Venn analysis showed that‘Huangxiang 1’contained five unique volatile components,while both‘Guava Little Yellow Passion Fruit’and‘Haimi 1’contained two unique volatile components.ROAV analysis showed that the key aroma components in all varieties are ranked from high to low as follows:‘Haimi 1’>‘Qinmi 9’>‘Huangxiang 1’>‘Big Yellow Passion Fruit’>‘Guava Little Yellow Passion Fruit’.Heat map and PCA analysis of key aroma components indicated that five varieties of yellow passion fruit can be divided into two categories.The first category includes‘Huangxiang 1’,‘Big Yellow Passion Fruit’,‘Guava Little Yellow Passion Fruit’,and‘Qinmi 9’.These varieties were mainly characterized by the presence ofβ-Lonone as a key aroma component.The second category was represented by‘Haimi 1’which was mainly characterized by the presence of Ethyl hexanoate as a key aroma component.In conclusion,there are differences in the volatile components and key aroma components among different varieties of yellow passion fruit,which can be used as the basis for identification among different varieties.Among the five yellow passion fruit varieties,‘Huangxiang 1’contains abundant volatile components,which is a good parent and breeding material for the breeding target of aroma,and lays a foundation for further accelerating the breeding of new passion fruit varieties.