地铁车厢扶手人机工程仿真分析及改进设计

Ergonomic Simulation Analysis and Improved Design of Subway Car Handrails

目的为满足地铁乘客站姿乘车的便利性与舒适性,结合人机工程仿真分析软件Jack对车厢扶手的设计方案进行分析校核和改进设计。方法依据GB/T7928—2003中A型车主要技术规格和GB13094—2017中客车扶手尺寸要求,在CAD软件中搭建了地铁车厢内装三维模型;根据GB10000—1988,在Jack软件中建立了第5百分位成年女性和第95百分位成年男性人体数字模型;结果对站姿乘客使用扶手时的不同姿势进行快速上肢动作分析和舒适度分析,得到站姿整体舒适度评分结果;通过人机分析结果,对地铁车厢扶手数量布置和高度设置进行设计改进,并再次通过Jack软件对乘客站姿舒适度进行测试。结论结果表明,改进后的设计方案满足乘客的便利性和舒适性要求,为地铁车厢扶手的人机工程设计提供参考,相关的设计参数值可对现有标准形成补充。

The work aims to analyze,check and improve the design scheme of subway car handrails in combination with the man-machine simulation analysis software Jack to satisfy the convenience and comfort of subway passengers.According to the main technical specifications of Type A cars in GB/T 7928-2003 and the size requirements of passenger car handrails in GB 13094-2017,a 3D model of subway cars was built in CAD.According to GB 10000-1988,the human body digital models of the 5th percentile adult female and 95th percentile adult male were established in Jack.Rapid upper limb assessment and comfort assessment were carried out to obtain the overall comfort score of standing posture.Through ergonomic analysis results,the number layout and height setting of handrails in subway cars were designed and improved,and the comfort level of passengers'standing posture was verified again by Jack.The results show that the improved design scheme meets the convenience and comfort requirements of passengers,and provides a reference for the ergonomic design of the handrails of subway cars.The related design parameters can supplement the existing standards.