虾脊兰属3种植物花蕾和花朵中挥发性成分的比较

Comparison on volatile components in flower buds and flowers of three species in Calanthe

利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术对虾脊兰属(Calanthe R.Br.)中的峨边虾脊兰(C.yuana T.Tang et F.T.Wang)、翘距虾脊兰(C.aristulifera Rchb.f.)和肾唇虾脊兰(C.brevicornu Lindl.)花蕾和花朵中挥发性成分进行分析。结果显示:峨边虾脊兰花蕾中挥发性成分总含量高于花朵,而翘距虾脊兰和肾唇虾脊兰花朵中挥发性成分总含量高于花蕾。峨边虾脊兰、翘距虾脊兰和肾唇虾脊兰花蕾和花朵中挥发性成分共137种,三者花朵中挥发性成分数量分别较花蕾增加21、29和27种。供试3种植物花蕾和花朵中挥发性成分均为萜烯类成分的数量最多。峨边虾脊兰和翘距虾脊兰花蕾和花朵以及肾唇虾脊兰花蕾中萜烯类成分的相对含量最高,肾唇虾脊兰花朵中酯类成分的相对含量最高。总体上看,峨边虾脊兰、翘距虾脊兰和肾唇虾脊兰花朵中挥发性成分的数量和相对含量高于花蕾,花蕾和花朵中主要挥发性成分为萜烯类。

Volatile components in flower buds and flowers of Calanthe yuana T.Tang et F.T.Wang,C.aristulifera Rchb.f.,and C.brevicornu Lindl.in Calanthe R.Br.were analyzed by using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)technology.The results show that the total contents of volatile components are higher in flower buds of C.yuana than in its flowers,but are higher in flowers of C.aristulifera and C.brevicornu than in their flower buds.There are 137 volatile components in flower buds and flowers of C.yuana,C.aristulifera,and C.brevicornu in total,and the numbers of volatile components in their flowers are 21,29,and 27 greater than those in their flower buds,respectively.The numbers of terpenes are all the largest in volatile components of flower buds and flowers of three test plants.The relative contents of terpenes are the highest in flower buds and flowers of C.yuana and C.aristulifera and in flower buds of C.brevicornu,while that of esters is the highest in flowers of C.brevicornu.Overall,the numbers and relative contents of volatile components are greater in flowers of C.yuana,C.aristulifera,and C.brevicornu than those in their flower buds,and the main volatile components in their flower buds and flowers are terpenes.