2017年与2020年济源市居民健康素养水平比较结果及影响因素分析

Comparative Results of Health Literacy Levels of Jiyuan Residents in 2017 and 2020 and Analysis of Influencing Factors

目的探讨2017年与2020年济源市居民健康素养水平比较结果及影响因素。方法选取2017年与2020年15~69岁城乡常住人口(在济源市居住6个月及以上居民)进行健康素养监测评估,评估内容包括居民基本情况、健康理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康知识、健康技能。结果2020年监测数据(22.50%)与2017年监测数据(14.76%)相比,提升了7.74%,整体健康素养水平呈上升趋势,但安全与急救素养、科学健康观素养呈轻微下降趋势。且2020年居民健康生活方式与行为、基本技能、健康信息素养、传染病预防素养、基本医疗素养、慢性病预防素养高于2017年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。监测数据显示城乡、职业、文化程度和家庭年收入是济源市居民健康素养的主要影响因素。结论济源市下一步的健康教育工作需要加大对乡村的投入,对农村、低文化人群、低收入人群和老年人等重点人群进行重点支持。

Objective To explore the comparison and influencing factors of health literacy of Jiyuan residents in 2017 and 2020.Methods Urban and rural permanent residents aged 15 to 69 years old(residents who have lived in Jiyuan city for more than 6 months)in 2017 and 2020 were selected to conduct a national health literacy monitoring questionnaire.The evaluation contents includes basic situation of residents,health concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior,health knowledge,and health skills.Results Compared to the 2017 monitoring data(14.76%),the 2020 monitoring data(22.50%)showed an increase of 7.74%,The overall health literacy level showed an upward trend,but the safety and first aid literacy and scientific health concept literacy showed a slight downward trend.And the residents'health lifestyle and behavior,basic skills,health information literacy,infectious disease prevention literacy,basic medical literacy,and chronic disease prevention literacy were higher in 2020 than in 2017,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Monitoring data show that urban and rural areas,education level,occupation and family annual income are the main factors affecting the health literacy of Jiyuan residents.Conclusion The next step of health education in Jiyuan City needs to increase the investment in rural areas and support key groups such as rural areas,low-culture groups,low-income groups and the elderly.