城市更新背景下超大城市“特定政策区”的空间治理方法初探——伦敦市“战略机遇区”对上海市的借鉴和启迪

An Initial Exploration of Spatial Governance Methods for"Special Policy Zones"in Megacities under the Background of Urban Renewal:Lessons and Inspiration from London's"Strategic Opportuntiy Area"for Shanghai

近年来,以北京市、上海市和广州市为代表的中国超大城市,都已进入以存量规划为主的城市更新和发展阶段,2021年上海市颁布《上海市城市更新条例》,同时在单元规划中提出促进功能提升和城市更新,实现各区域高质量协同发展的要求,打造超大城市精细化的“特定政策区”,作为空间规划的特色对象载体。文章以英国“边缘之城”和《战略机遇区规划框架》为例,分析其作为《大伦敦规划》确定的“战略机遇区”,如何以“特定政策区”的形式,实现从城市棕地到科技城的发展目标转型。研究从拓展边界内涵、打造治理平台、聚焦保障特质、提升品质的制度设计和政策供给等方面,对上海未来的发展创新及完善“特定政策区”的空间规划方法提出相应建议。

In recent years,China's megacities,represented by Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,have entered the stage of urban regeneration and development dominated by stock planning.Shanghai has promulgated the Regulations of Shanghai Municipality on Urban Renewal and promoted functional upgrading and urban renewal in unit planning,achieving high-quality coordinated development of various regions and creating a"special policy zone"for the refinement of megacities as the carrier of characteristic objects of spatial planning.This study takes UK's"city fringe"and Opportunity Area Planning Framework as examples to analyze how they can achieve the development goal from urban brownfield to"science and technology cities"through the form of special policy zone as the"strategic opportunity area"determined in the London Plan.The study puts forward suggestions for Shanghai's future development,innovation and improvement of the spatial planning method of"special policy zone"from the aspects of expanding the connotation of the boundary,building a governance platform,focusing on the security characteristics,and improving the quality of policy supply.