深圳大鹏半岛薇甘菊的空间发生规律

Spatial pattern of the occurrence of Mikania micrantha in Dapeng Peninsula,Shenzhen

【目的】研究薇甘菊的入侵与地形、人为干扰间的关系,量化不同干扰因素对薇甘菊发生的影响,进一步揭示薇甘菊的发生规律,为薇甘菊的系统防治与管控提供技术支持。【方法】使用无人机遥感系统所获取的高分辨率航片作为数据源,通过目视解译方法确定薇甘菊的发生区域后结合3S技术手段,对深圳大鹏半岛210000 m^(2)研究区内的薇甘菊发生状况与地形因子及人为干扰度间的关系进行系统分析。【结果】研究区内薇甘菊在低海拔区和阳坡分布居多,86.80%的薇甘菊入侵发生在人类轻中度干扰区,20°~40°坡度位置是薇甘菊的重点发生区。研究网格单元内薇甘菊的发生面积与坡度、高程显著负相关(P<0.01),与坡向相关性较差。【结论】在人为干扰较小的自然条件下,制约薇甘菊扩散发生的主要因子是入侵地的群落结构,而在人为干扰较为严重的地区,薇甘菊入侵的发生与人类活动消失后产生的空白生态位密切相关。

【Aim】This study aimed to explore the relationship between Mikania micrantha invasion,terrain factors,and human disturbance to quantify the influence of different disturbance factors on the occurrence of M.micrantha.This was done to further reveal the pattern of occurrence of M.micrantha and to provide technical support for the systematic prevention and control of M.micrantha.【Method】Using high-resolution aerial photos obtained by using a UAV remote sensing system as the data source,the occurrence area of M.micrantha was determined by visual interpretation.The relationship between the occurrence of M.micrantha in the 210000 m^(2) study area of the Dapeng Peninsula in Shenzhen and topographic factors as well as human disturbance was systematically analyzed by combining 3S technology.【Result】The results showed that 86.80% of the M.micrantha invasions in the study area occurred in areas with low-to-moderate human disturbance.M.micrantha is mainly distributed in low-altitude areas and sunny slopes,and 20°-40°is the incline with the highest occurrence of M.micrantha.The occurrence area of M.micrantha in the grid unit of the study area was negatively correlated with the slope and altitude(P<0.01)but was not significantly related to the aspect.【Conclusion】Under natural conditions with low human disturbance,the main factor limiting the spread of M.micrantha is the community structure of the invasion site,whereas,in areas with more severe human disturbance,the occurrence of M.micrantha invasion is closely related to the empty ecological niche created after the disappearance of human activities.