甘肃高原夏菜农业保险发展中的问题与建议

Problems Existing in Developing Agricultural Insurance for Gansu Highland Summer Vegetable and Several Suggestions

高原夏菜是利用冷凉气候条件生产的主要供应东南沿海地区夏季需求的蔬菜。高原夏菜农业保险既有效保障了农业经营主体的经济利益,也是农业保险创新发展的一项重要举措。针对甘肃高原夏菜产业发展、面临风险,以及农业保险实施过程、应用成效、存在问题进行了归纳总结,重点分析了农业保险实践中面临的保险宣传推广不够、政府权力缺乏约束、产品开发缺乏精准、财政补贴与产业需求不匹配等问题,提出了加快出台农业保险法律、优化保险产品开发设计、建立财政弹性补贴机制、重视农业保险基础研究等措施建议,有效应对甘肃高原夏菜生产中可能出现的低温、干旱、冰雹、洪涝导致的自然风险,以及产品同质化和上市时间集中化导致的市场风险,有力稳固农业在国民经济中的基础性地位和作用。

Highland summer vegetable is mainly supplying the demand of southeastern coastal areas for vegetable in summer.It is produced by using cold and cool climate conditions.Agricultural insurance for highland summer vegetable can not only effectively protect the economic benefit of agricultural business entities,but also is an important measure for innovative development of agricultural insurance.This paper summarized the existing problems directing at Gansu highland summer vegetable industry development,risks faced,implementation process of agricultural insurance,and application effect.The paper mainly analyzed the following issues confronting agricultural insurance practice:insufficient insurance propaganda and promotion,government power lack of constraint,imprecise product development,mismatching financial subsidies and industrial demand,etc.The paper put forward measures and suggestions,including accelerating the enactment of agricultural insurance law,optimizing the insurance products development and design,establishing financial flexible subsidy mechanisms,and attaching importance to basic research of agricultural insurance,etc.,so as to effectively solve the natural risks caused by low temperature,drought,hail,and flood arising in Gansu highland summer vegetable production;and resolve market risk caused by product homogeneity and centralization of time to market.Thus,the basic position and function of agriculture in national economy was strongly stabilized.