常用药物性肝损伤动物模型的制备方法

Preparation of animal models of drug-induced liver injury

药物性肝损伤是临床上最常见的药物不良反应之一,严重可引起急性肝功能衰竭,甚至死亡。临床上,对这类损伤的诊治尚缺乏特异性的诊断和治疗手段。构建相应的动物模型是深入开展机制研究或者筛选有效的诊断、治疗手段的重要支撑条件。目前研究中建立了大量的药物性肝损伤动物模型,其中应用较多的有非甾体类抗炎药、抗菌药、抗癫痫药物、抗甲状腺药物等诱发的肝损伤模型,所选择的动物以小鼠、大鼠居多。本文结合近年来的文献报道,综述了这些类型动物模型的制备方法、成模标准及其特点,以期为相关模型的构建提供参考。

Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common adverse clinical drug reactions,potentially result ing in acute liver failure or even death.Clinically however,there is still a lack of specific diagnostic and treatment method for this kind of injury.The construction of corresponding animal models is an important process to support in-depth mechanistic research and screening of effective diagnostic and treatment method.Numerous animal models of drug-induced liver injury have been established and are widely used,including liver injury models induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial,anti-epileptic,and anti-thyroid drugs,with mice and rats being the most commonly used animals.In this report,we review the preparation method,modeling standards,and characteristics of these types of animal models in combination with recent literature reports,to provide references for the future construction of related models.