基于气象要素的河北省尚义地区枸杞种植气候适宜性分析

Analysis of the climatic suitability for growing Lycium barbarum L.in Shangyi area of Hebei Province based on meteorological conditions

为了探究干旱地区枸杞种植的适宜性以及影响枸杞生长的气象因素,选择河北省尚义地区为研究区域,对比该地区与其他枸杞传统主产区(青海格尔木、宁夏固原、宁夏中宁)的气象特征,包括气温、年积温、日照、降水(1989—2020年)等气象指标,分析该地区大面积种植枸杞的气候适宜性,并通过分析枸杞产量(2011—2020年)与气象因子间的相关性揭示影响尚义地区枸杞产量的主要气象因子.研究结果表明:尚义地区年平均日照时数为2791.6h,昼夜温差约15℃,可促进枸杞中糖分的积累,从而有利于提高枸杞的品质;该地区雨热节律与其他3个枸杞传统主产区也基本一致,适宜枸杞生长发育.回归分析结果显示,年平均气温是影响尚义地区枸杞产量的关键气象因子.7月份的空气相对湿度越高枸杞最终产量越低,这说明在枸杞果实成熟期需要根据当时的空气湿度对枸杞种植水量进行控制.

In order to explore the suitability of Lycium barbarum L.planting in arid area and the meteorological factors affecting its growth,Shangyi area of Hebei Province was chosen as the study area,and the comparison of meteorological conditions among Shangyi area and other traditional main production areas of L.barbarum was conducted.The traditional production areas in this study include Golmud in Qinghai Province,Guyuan and Zhongning in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.The meteoro-logical data include temperature,annual accumulated temperature,sunlight duration,precipitation(the data were collected from 1989 to 2020),etc.The climatic suitability of growing L.barbarum in large scale in Shangyi area was analyzed,and the relationship between the yield of L.barbarum with the meteorological factors in Shangyi area from 2011 to 2020 was researched to explore the main meteorological factors affecting the yield of L.barbarum.The results show that the annual average sunlight duration reaches 2791.6 h,which is sufficient for the growth of L.barbarum;the diurnal temperature difference reaches 15℃,which is beneficial for the sugar accumulation in L.barbarum.The rain-heat rhythm of Shangyi area is nearly consistent with that in the other three areas,that is,Shangyi area is also suitable for the growth of L.barbarum.Regression analysis showes that the average annual temperature is the key meteorological factor influencing the yield of L.barbarum in Shangyi area.More-over,it also showes that the yield of L.barbarum decreases with the air relative humidity in July,which indicates that the watering quantity of L.barbarum should be controlled according to the air humidity during the maturation period.