深圳市两起鹦鹉热疫情的流行病学调查和感染路径分析

Epidemiological investigation and infection route analysis of two psittacosis outbreaks in Shenzhen

目的分析深圳市两起鹦鹉热疫情的流行病学特征和影响因素,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学方法收集深圳市两起鹦鹉热疫情处置相关资料,应用描述性流行病学分析方法了解病例发生情况及流行病学特征。结果2023年深圳市宝安区、福田区相继出现两起人感染鹦鹉热衣原体疫情,共有2例病例,无死亡病例。2例病例均居家饲养鹦鹉,有发热、四肢肌肉酸痛等症状,暴露时长分别为15d和33d。共同暴露者调查分析显示,宠物店养鸟职业人群中未发生感染情况(0/13),家庭同住人员或亲朋好友非职业人群中有2例出现发热、肌肉酸痛症状,但拒绝采样。外环境中鹦鹉热衣原体阳性检出率是58.0%(29/50)。结论鹦鹉热衣原体感染为偶发感染,近距离长期无防护亲密接触是主要感染方式,暂未发现人传人。建议加强鹦鹉热环境和相关人群健康监测工作,以预防和控制鹦鹉热疫情。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of two psittacosis outbreaks in Shenzhen,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Method The data of two outbreaks of psittacosis in Shenzhen were collected by field epidemiological method,and the incidence and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Result There were two outbreaks of human infection with chlamydia psittaci in Baoan District and Futian District of Shenzhen in 2023,with a total of two cases and no death.The two cases were all home-raised parrots,with symptoms such as fever and limb muscle soreness,the exposure time was 15 days and 33 days,respectively.The investigation of co-exposed persons showed that no infection occurred in the occupational population of pet shop birds(0/13),and there were two cases of fever and muscle soreness in the non-occupational population such as family members or friends,but sampling was refused.The positive rate of chlamydia psittaci in external environment was 58.0%(29/50).Conclusion Chlamydia psittaci infection is an occasional infection.Long-term unprotected close contact is the main mode of infection,and no human-to-human transmission has been found.In order to prevent and control psittacosis,it is suggested to strengthen the environmental and related population health monitoring.