长远航女舰员月经失调状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of menstrual disorders and influencing factors of female sailors on long oceangoing voyage

目的调查长远航女舰员月经失调状况及影响因素。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月在海军军医大学长海医院妇科门诊就诊的412例女舰员作为研究对象,分为月经失调组(168例)和月经正常组(244例),记录其月经情况,采用自制问卷及阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、疲劳量表-14(FS-14)分析影响月经的相关因素。结果 412例女舰员月经失调发生率为40.77%(168/412),其中继发性闭经71例(42.26%)、月经稀发伴经量减少39例(23.21%)、月经频发伴经量增多30例(17.86%)、不规则出血15例(8.93%)、其他(痛经、经前紧张综合征等)13例(7.74%)。单因素分析显示月经失调组与月经正常组在是否首次远航、远航次数、AIS评分、FS-14评分、饮食状况等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic逐步回归分析显示首次远航(OR=18.323)、睡眠障碍(OR=11.451)是引起长远航女舰员月经失调的独立危险因素(P<0.01)。结论执行长远航任务的女舰员月经失调发生率较高,首次远航和睡眠障碍是引起月经失调的独立高风险因素。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of menstrual disorders of female sailors in long oceangoing voyage.Methods A total of 412 female sailors who were treated in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into menstrual disorder group(168 cases)and normal menstruation group(244 cases),and their menstrual statuses were recorded.The factors affecting menstruation were analyzed by using self-made questionnaire,Athens insomnia scale(AIS),and fatigue scale-14(FS-14).Results The incidence of menstrual disorders in 412 female sailors was 40.77%(168/412).Among them,71 cases were secondary amenorrhea(42.26%),39 cases were oligomenorrhea with decreased menstrual volume(23.21%),30 cases were frequent menstruation with increased menstrual volume(17.86%),15 cases were irregular bleeding(8.93%),and 13 cases were other symptoms such as dysmenorrhea,premenstrual tension syndrome,etc.(7.74%).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the menstrual disorder group and the normal menstruation group in the items of first long oceangoing voyage,times of long oceangoing voyage,AIS score,FS-14 score,and diet(P<0.05).Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the first long oceangoing voyage(OR=18.323)and sleep disorders(OR=11.451)were the independent risk factors for menstrual disorders(P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of menstrual disorders among female sailors is high in long oceangoing voyage,and the first long oceangoing voyage and sleep disorders are the independent high risk factors for menstrual disorders.