铜死亡应用于口腔癌诊断治疗的研究进展

Advancements in Application of Copper Death in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Cancer

口腔癌的发病率在世界高发癌症中排名第六,近年来在我国呈逐年上升趋势,如何通过有效的治疗方案减轻患者痛苦、改善预后,是亟待解决的问题。研究发现有一种被称为“铜死亡”的铜依赖性细胞死亡方式。铜离子与参与线粒体呼吸作用的脂酰化部分直接结合,促使脂化蛋白聚集及铁硫簇蛋白减少,产生蛋白毒性反应使细胞死亡。由于人体内铜稳态的异常可影响肿瘤细胞的生长,近年来铜稳态在恶性肿瘤的诊断及治疗方面的功效引起了广泛的关注。本文简述3种由铜介导的抗肿瘤机制及参与解决口腔癌临床治疗相关问题的多种新型铜配合物,以期为口腔癌的临床治疗提供参考。

Oral cancer is the sixth most frequently occurring type of cancer in the world,whose incidence is on the rise in China.How to alleviate patients'pain and improve their prognosis through effective treatment is an issue worthy of our research and discussion.Recent research has identified a copper-dependent form of cell death known as'cuprotosis'.Copper binds directly to the lipid acylated fraction involved in mitochondrial respiration,contributing to the aggregation of lipidated proteins and the reduction of iron-sulphur cluster proteins,resulting in a proteotoxic response that leads to cell death.Because abnormalities of copper homeostasis in the body can affect the growth of tumour cells,the efficacy of copper homeostasis in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies has attracted much attention in recent years.This paper briefly describes three copper-mediated anti-tumour mechanisms and a variety of novel copper complexes involved in solving clinical problems in oral malignancies.We hope that this will provide a reference for the clinical management of oral cancer.