生长分化因子15与不良妊娠结局的研究进展

Research Progress of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

生长分化因子15(growth differentiation factor 15,GDF15)是转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)超家族的一员,在胎盘组织中呈特异性高表达,且GDF15表达水平随着孕周增大逐渐升高。研究显示,妊娠各阶段GDF15水平的异常与多种不良妊娠结局有关,妊娠早期GDF15水平过低与自然流产有关,GDF15过高则可使妊娠恶心呕吐和妊娠剧吐的发生风险升高;妊娠中、晚期GDF15水平异常则与妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期贫血等代谢相关疾病关系密切。综述近年GDF15与不良妊娠结局的相关研究进展。

Growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15)is one member of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily.GDF15 is specifically overexpressed in placental tissue.The expression level of GDF15 gradually increases with gestational age.Some studies have shown that the abnormal level of GDF15 is associated with a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes at the different stages of pregnancy.During the first trimester of pregnancy,the low level of GDF15 is associated with spontaneous abortion,while the high level of GDF15 is associated with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy,and even hyperemesis gravidarum.During the second and third trimester,the abnormal expression level of GDF15 is closely related to the metabolism-related diseases such as gestational hypertensive disorder,gestational diabetes mellitus and gestational anemia.In this article,we review the relationship between GDF15 and adverse pregnancy outcomes.