新型民法权利实证化及其刑法评价——兼论新型民法实证权利的刑法法益化路径

The Positivism of New Civil Rights and Its Criminal Evaluation On the Path of Criminal Legal Interest of Positive Rights in New Civil Law

《民法典》规定了诸多新型权利,“法益”概念是新型权利刑法保护的连接点。财产犯罪的保护法益应当坚持“法律—经济的财产说”,坚持相对“民法从属性”。新型权利被“法益”概念评价的路径可以分为形式路径和实质路径,前者是选取已经被确证的新型权利重要的侧面进行保护,后者则是一种彻底的从头思考之方式,对于新型权利的刑法评价应当坚持形式路径。《民法典》对个人信息权的规定方式并不影响刑法财产犯罪不予规制各类针对个人信息的违法行为;对股权和其他投资性权利的规定方式虽然对目前的刑法评价不具影响,但应当注意与人格属性相关的财产权;对虚拟财产的规定方式,刑法不应当注重权利概念之争,而是其符合财产之内核的侧面。

The Civil Code stipulates many new rights,and the concept of“legal interest”is the connection point of the protection of new rights by criminal law.The protection of legal interests of property crime should adhere to the“legal-economic property theory”and the relative“civil law subordination”.The path of new rights being evaluated by the concept of“legal interests”can be divided into formal path and substantive path.The former is to protect the important side of the confirmed new rights,while the latter is a thorough way of thinking from the beginning.The criminal law evaluation of new rights should adhere to the formal path.The provisions of the Civil Code on the right to personal information do not affect the criminal law s non-regulation of property crimes against all kinds of violations against personal information;Although the provisions on equity and other investment rights have no impact on the current criminal law evaluation,attention should be paid to property rights related to personality attributes;for the regulation of virtual property,the criminal law should not focus on the dispute over the concept of rights,but should pay attention to the side that conforms to the core of property.