2018—2022年临沂市食源性疾病病原体分布及流行特征

Study on Pathogen Surveillance and Epidemic Characteristics of Foodborne Disease in Linyi from 2018 to 2022

目的:分析临沂市食源性疾病病原体分布及流行特征,为防控食源性疾病提供依据。方法:采用SPSS 29.0软件对临沂市2018—2022年上报的2340例食源性疾病病例进行流行病学分析。结果:2018-2022年临沂市食源性疾病病原体总检出率为19.49%,其中,细菌感染检出率为8.68%,以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠产毒性大肠埃希氏菌(ETEC)为主;诺如病毒感染检出率为9.79%,以GⅡ型感染为主;多重感染检出率为1.03%。不同年份病原检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=66.19,P<0.01)。食源性疾病发病以夏秋季为主。患者年龄以4~17岁为主,占23.11%。可疑暴露食品居前3位的分别为水果及其制品、粮食及其制品、肉与肉制品,分别占26.32%、15.79%和14.91%。结论:诺如病毒、沙门氏菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌是临沂市食源性疾病的主要病原体,且存在以致泻大肠埃希氏菌—诺如病毒感染为主的多重感染,发病以夏秋季为主。

OBJECTIVE To analyse pathogen distribution and epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Linyi,and to provide basis for prevention and control of foodborne diseases.METHODS A total of 2340 cases in Linyi from 2018 to 2022 were collected and tested by SPSS 29.0.RESULTS The positive detection rate of foodborne diseases was 19.49%.Among these,the posi⁃tive rate of bacterial infection was 8.68%,and the main bacterial pathogen was S.typhimurium and ETEC.The positive rate of Norovi⁃rus infection was 9.79%,and the main viral genotype was GⅡ.Besides,the positive rate of multiple infections was 1.03%.The detec⁃tion rates of pathogens in years were statistically different(χ^(2)=66.19,P<0.01).Foodborne disease occurs mainly in summer and au⁃tumn.The age distribution of positive cases was the highest in 4~17 years age group,accounting for 23.11%.The top three of suspect⁃ed exposure foods were fruit products(accounting for 26.32%),grain products(accounting for 15.79%)and meat products(accounting for 14.91%).CONCLUSION The main pathogens of foddborne disease in Linyi are Norovirus,S.typhimurium and ETEC,with the most multiple infection of Norovirus-escherichia coli.Foodborne disease occurs mainly in summer and autumn.