基于ELES模型的中部五省饮食消费结构变化研究

Research on Changes in Dietary Consumption Structure in Five Central Provinces Based on the ELES Model

饮食消费是人们日常生活的基础,研究居民饮食消费结构对优化农牧业生产、激发消费市场具有重要意义。本文以中部五省居民饮食消费结构为研究对象,以扩展线性支出系统模型为理论基础,利用SPSS等软件对中部五省居民人均可支配收入、饮食消费结构等进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)中部五省人均可支配收入水平在逐年提升,但在省际之间存在差异。(2)中部五省居民饮食消费中边际消费倾向最大的种类普遍为高品质的饮食如奶及奶制品类,大多数超过0.01。(3)中部五省居民对肉禽蛋水产品类的基本需求普遍较高,均在0.35以上,属于刚需饮食品,干鲜瓜果类较低。(4)各类饮食消费受价格变动影响不同,价格弹性较小的普遍为粮油类。(5)饮食消费交叉价格弹性均为负值,各类饮食之间属于互补品。

Dietary consumption is the basis of people's daily lives,and it is of great signifcance to study residents'dietary consumption structure to optimize agricultural and animal husbandry production and stimulate the consumer market.This paper takes the dietary consumption structure of residents of five central provinces as the research object,takes the extended linear expenditure system model as the theoretical basis,and uses SPSS,etc.,to make a comparative analysis of the per capita disposable income and dietary consumption structure of residents of five central provinces.The results show that:1)the level of per capita disposable income in the five central provinces is increasing year by year,but there are differences between provinces;2)in the five central provinces,the most common marginal propensity to consume of residents'dietary consumption are generally high-quality diets such as milk and dairy products,most of which exceeds 0.01;3)the basic demand for meat,poultry,eggs,and aquatic products in the five central provinces is generally higher,all above 0.35,which belongs to necessities,and their demands for dry and fresh fruits are lower;4)various types of dietary consumption by price changes vary and the price elasticity is generally less for the grain and oil;5)the cross-price elasticity of dietary consumption is all negative,and various types of diets are complementary.