基于跨理论模型的饮食护理在食管胃底静脉曲张套扎术后患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Dietary Nursing Based on Cross-theoretical Model in Patients with Esophagogastric Fundus Varices after Ligation

目的 探讨基于跨理论模型的饮食护理在食管胃底静脉曲张套扎术后患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年10月在本院进行食管胃底静脉曲张套扎术患者112例,随机分组,即对照组、观察组,均56例。对照组常规饮食护理,观察组基于跨理论模型的饮食护理,统计两组患者饮食依从性、营养状况、自护能力、再入院率、营养不良发生率、满意率。结果 观察组患者饮食依从率9 6.43%高于对照组患者饮食依从率83.93%(P<0.05);入院时,两组患者营养状况比较无显著差异(P>0.05),术后7d,两组患者营养状况均较入院时有所下降,观察组患者营养指标下降幅度较对照组小(P<0.05);入院时,两组患者自护能力比较无显著差异(P>0.05),护理后3月,两组患者护理后3月均较入院时有所提高,观察组患者自护能力评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者再入院率1.79%、营养不良发生率3.57%均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组满意率91.07%高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 基于跨理论模型的饮食护理可提高食管胃底静脉曲张套扎术后患者饮食依从性和自护能力,改善患者营养状况,降低再入院率和营养不良率,提高患者满意率,值得推广。

Objective To explore the application effect of diet nursing based on cross-theoretical model in patients with esophagogastric fundus varices after ligation.Methods A total of 112 patients receiving esophagogastric varices ligation in our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 56 cases in both.The control group was treated with routine diet nursing,while the observation group was treated with cross-theoretical diet nursing.Dietary compliance,nutritional status,self-care ability,readmission rate,incidence of malnutrition and satisfaction rate of patients in the two groups were analyzed.Results The dietary compliance rate of observation group was 96.43%higher than that of control group 83.93%(P<0.05).At admission,there was no significant difference in the nutritional status between the two groups(P>0.05).7 days after surgery,the nutritional status of the two groups decreased compared with that at admission,and the decrease of nutritional indexes in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group(P<0.05).At admission,there was no significant difference in the self-care ability between the two groups(P>0.05).3 months after nursing,the two groups of patients were improved compared with the admission at 3 months after nursing,and the self-care ability score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The readmission rate of 1.79%and the incidence of malnutrition of 3.57%in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the satisfaction rate of 91.07%in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary nursing based on the cross-theoretical model can improve the dietary compliance and self-care ability of patients after esophagogastric variceal ligation,improve the nutritional status of patients,reduce the readmission rate and malnutrition rate,and improve the satisfaction rate of patients,which is worthy of promotion.