跨界民族音乐视域下彝族毕摩音乐文化研究述要

A Review on Bimo Music Culture of Yi Ethnic Group from the Perspective of Cross-border Ethnic Music

国内对彝族毕摩(或呗耄)音乐文化的研究文献,主要有汉文、彝文及翻译文献。汉文文献主要涉及到毕摩相关综合研究、跨界民族研究、跨界民族音乐研究三个方面。其中,关于彝人毕摩的相关记载和研究较为丰富,研究视角主要涉及到毕摩职能、毕摩执仪过程中的性别角色构建、毕摩文化符号与彝文化教育等毕摩与其共生文化的研究以及跨界民族研究等方面。彝文以及翻译文献的数量也非常丰硕且自成体系。在国际部分,越南学者的研究集中于倮倮人社会文化、倮倮人的铜鼓等方面;以法国传教士为代表的其他国家学者,主要是记录、研究彝族早期的文化和语言,对于“瞄比萨/西玛朗”研究的文献极少。整体来看,国内外学界现有研究主要为彝文化综合研究,对彝文古籍的翻译整理较成熟,对彝人毕摩(或呗耄)音乐文化体系性的研究成果,在目前收集到的资料中尚未发现。

The works of literature on Bi-mo(or Bai-mao)music culture of Yi ethnic group in China mainly include those written in Chinese,Yi,and translated literature.The literature written in Chinese mainly covers three aspects:comprehensive research related to Bi-mo,cross-border ethnic research,and cross-border ethnic music research.Among them,there are rich records and studies on Bi-mo of Yi people,which mainly cover Bi-mo’s functions,the construction of gender roles in the ceremony conducted by Bi-mo,cultural symbols of Bi-mo and cultural education of Yi ethnic group,as well as cross-border ethnic studies.The number of literature written in Yi language and translated literatures is also very abundant and self-contained.Internationally speaking,Vietnamese scholars focus on the social and cultural aspects of the Luo-luo people,as well as the culture of their bronze drums;Scholars from other countries,represented by French missionaries,mainly record and study the early culture and language of Yi people,and there is little literature on the corresponding Bi-mo culture in Vietnam.In summary,the existing research in the domestic and foreign academic community mainly focuses on the comprehensive study of Yi culture with mature translation and organization of ancient Yi books.And so far there has been no systematic research achievements on Bi-mo(or Bai-mao)music culture of Yi people in the currently collected data.