资本集聚推进生计演化与乡村振兴研究——以滇中柿花箐村为例

Capital Aggregation Promoting Livelihood Evolution and Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Shihuaqing Village in Central Yunnan Province

自20世纪80年代中期国家启动扶贫开发以来,滇中柿花箐村的生计方式形成了明显的阶段性演进,表现为由传统生存保障性的劳动密集型农业逐步向营利性的、资本和技术密集型的现代农业演进的历程。而推动这一系列进程的驱动力,一方面来自当地政府与企业对基础设施、生产资料、生产设备等物质资本,专业技术培训、经营组织、制度管理等相关人力资本,以及小额信贷等金融资本的持续加大投入;另一方面则来自附着在传统互惠、再分配之上的社会资本的代际拓展,从而使得乡村的土地、劳动力、生产资料、资金、信息等生产要素得以转化并有效整合为资本形态。正是在二者的交织作用下,逐渐产生了资本的制度化、市场化集聚,从而初步构建了该村的可持续生计,并基本实现了乡村产业振兴。

Since the country launched poverty alleviation and development in the mid-1980s,the livelihood mode of Shihuaqing Village in central Yunnan has formed a clear and phased evolution process,manifested as traditional labor-intensive agriculture that ensures survival,gradually evolving towards profitable,capital and technology intensive modern agriculture.On the one hand,the driving force to promote this series of processes comes from the continuous increase of national government and enterprises’investment in Physical capital such as infrastructure,agricultural materials and production equipment,human capital such as production technology and operating knowledge based on labor,and financial capital led by micro credit business;on the other hand,it comes from the inter-generational expansion of various types of capital attached to the traditional mutual benefit and redistribution,which enables the effective integration of land,labor,Means of production,technology,information,capital and other production factors in the sustainable livelihood development.It is precisely under the interweaving effect of the two that the institutionalization and marketization of capital gradually emerged,which promoted the inter-generational transformation of the village’s livelihood and achieved the revitalization of rural industries.