非遗助力乡村文化振兴的基本形式与法治实践——基于贵州施洞独木龙舟节的调查

The Basic Forms and Legal Practices of Intangible Cultural Heritage to Promote Rural Cultural Revitalization:A Case Study Based on the Single-Wood Dragon Boat Festival in Shidong Village of Guizhou Province

非物质文化遗产是推进乡村文化振兴的宝贵资源。乡村地区要善用本地文化资源优势,铸魂赋能乡村振兴,实现内源性发展。《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》作为非物质文化遗产领域的专门立法,通过确立真实性、整体性和传承性保护原则以及政府主导、农民(社区)主体、社会参与的多元主体工作格局,为非物质文化遗产助力乡村振兴提供了坚实的法治基础。据此,贵州施洞结合本地传统与现代运作机制,借助独木龙舟节,形成了“村际奥运会+民俗旅游”发展模式,成为非物质文化遗产带动乡村文化振兴的典型。以此为个案开展实证研究,对于推动《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》的实施与完善、乡村文化振兴与繁荣具有重要启示。

Intangible cultural heritage is quite valuable for promoting the rural cultural revitalization.Rural areas should make it good use to empower rural revitalization,and achieve endogenous development.As a special legislation in the field of intangible cultural heritage,Law of the People’s Republic of China on Intangible Cultural Heritage provides a solid legal foundation for intangible cultural heritage to promote rural revitalization by establishing the principles of authenticity,integrity and inheritance,as well as a multi-subject work pattern led by the government,with farmers(communities)and social participation.Accordingly,the Shidong village of Guizhou province combines local traditions and modern operating mechanisms to gradually form a development model of“inter-village Olympic Games+folk tourism”,in virtue of the Single-Wood Dragon Boat Festival.This case is a typical example of rural revitalization driven by intangible cultural heritage.Empirical research based on this case study has important implications for promoting the implementation and improvement of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law and the revitalization and prosperity of rural culture.