非接触式犯罪案件侦查中的证据问题变迁研究

Research on the Vicissitudes of Evidence in the Investigation of Non-contact Crime Cases

随着互联网技术的发展,犯罪形势深刻变革,非接触式犯罪日益高发。而我国侦查取证主体、证据种类、取证方式和证明方法都是建立在传统案件的特征之上。非接触式犯罪案件侦查取证呈现出新态势,一是侦查取证主体从侦查人员的单一主体向第三方辅助延伸;二是证据种类从封闭走向开放;三是取证方式从实体走向虚拟;四是传统证明方法面临海量数据挑战。为此,侦查部门需要以数据化思维为牵引,重构侦查主体、证据种类、取证方式和证明方法等系统性要素,以便适应非接触式网络犯罪侦查取证的挑战。

With the development of Internet technology,the crime situation has changed profoundly,and the proportion of cases based on traditional contact type has dropped sharply,the proportion in the total proportion of cases is exceeded by the types of crimes characterized by non-contact crimes.But in our country,the main body of investigation and evidence collection,the types of evidence,the methods of evidence collection and the standards of proof are all based on the characteristics of traditional cases.Therefore,there are some new problems and challenges in the investigation of non-contact crime cases,which are mainly embodied in the following aspects:firstly,the subject of investigation and evidence collection extends from the single subject of the investigators to the third party,collecting evidence from internet service providers has become an effective way of non-contact crime,secondly,the type of evidence has changed from closed to open,and the extensive existence of big data evidence in practice has affected the current closed type of evidence system,at the same time,the evidence in the form of electronic data and the core of expert opinion needs comprehensive rules of examination and judgment,the fourth is the reform of the standard of proof,in order to solve the problem of judicial proof of non-contact network crime at the stage of investigation,the need to change from strict proof to proper proof.In order to adapt to the trend of non-contact network crime,the investigation department needs to reconstruct the main body of investigation,the way of collecting evidence,the type of evidence and the standard of evidence.