“1+X”证书制度国际借鉴研究--来自英国的启示

Research on International Reference of the“1+X”Certificate System—Enlightenment from the UK

“1+X”证书制度是连接学历证书与职业技能等级证书的一种重要的制度变革,是提高高职院校服务社会发展水平的一种制度保障,是职业教育类型特征的一项制度安排,同时也激发了社会力量办学的积极性。英国职业资格证书制度拥有较长的历史,在发展过程中体现出对职业资格标准的重视、不断促进学历证书与资格证书体系融合的特点,形成了以全纳为特征的国家资历框架体系。从英国的经验出发,在“1+X”证书制度建设中,提出建立国家资格框架,加强横纵融通;成立统一监控部门,完善运行机制;重标准建设,保障证书质量;完善在线管理系统,加强资格管理等的改进路径。

The"1+X"certificate system is an important institutional change that connects academic certificates and vocational skill level certificates.It is a system guarantee for improving the level of service for social development in higher vocational colleges,a system arrangement for the characteristics of vocational education types,and it also stimulates the enthusiasm of social forces to run schools.The vocational qualification certificate system in the UK has a long history,reflecting the emphasis on vocational qualifica⁃tion standards and the continuous promotion of the integration of academic and qualification certificate systems during its develop⁃ment.It has also formed a national qualification framework system characterized by inclusiveness.Starting from the experience of the UK,in the construction of the"1+X"certificate system,the improvement paths are put forward.We should establish a national qualification framework and strengthen horizontal and vertical integration;establish a unified monitoring department and improve operational mechanisms;emphasize standard construction to ensure the quality of certificates;improve the online management sys⁃tem and strengthen qualification management.