薰衣草挥发油体外抑菌作用及皮肤过敏性研究

Antibacterial action and sensitization by percutaneous administration of lavender essential oil

目的考察薰衣草挥发油(essential oil of lavender,LEO)体外抑菌能力及对皮肤致敏性,为LEO体外抗菌应用提供依据。方法采用纸片扩散法评价LEO对5种细菌体外抑菌效果,并测定其最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);通过外敷涂抹的方法观察LEO对豚鼠皮肤刺激性,评价其过敏反应程度以及过敏率;结合酶联免疫法检测二甲苯致敏以及涂抹LEO后的豚鼠血清和脾脏组织匀浆上清中免疫球蛋白A(immune globulin,IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)的水平,对LEO抑菌能力及皮肤外用致敏和致炎作用进行综合评价。结果抑菌圈实验表明,LEO对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痤疮丙酸杆菌这5种菌种均有抑菌效果,抑菌能力从强到弱依次为表皮葡萄球菌(8.25 mg/mL),大肠杆菌(15.00 mg/mL),白色念珠菌(16.31 mg/mL),金黄色葡萄球菌(18.00 mg/mL),痤疮丙酸杆菌(20.78 mg/mL);LEO外用涂抹不会引起豚鼠皮肤致敏和体内免疫球蛋白的异常反应;且与空白组比较,LEO外用涂抹对豚鼠脾脏重量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对豚鼠血清及脾脏组织中的IgA、IgE、IgG水平影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论LEO对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痤疮丙酸杆菌这5种常见致病菌有一定的抑菌作用,且外用涂抹安全,研究结果为LEO相关产品的开发以及在皮肤病领域的应用提供一定的参考借鉴。

Objective To investigate the antibacterial action and skin sensitization by percutaneous administration of lavender essential oil(LEO),providing a basis for its antibacterial application of percutaneous administration.Methods The disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of LEO on five types of bacteria,and to measure its minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC);The effect of LEO on guinea pig skin irritation was observed by topical application,and its allergic reaction and allergic rate were evaluated;the levels of IgA,IgG,and IgE in the supernatant of serum and spleen tissue sensitized with dimethylbenzene and smeared with LEO were determined by the enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA),and the antibacterial ability,skin sensitization,and inflammation of LEO were comprehensively evaluated.Results The antibacterial circle experiment showed that LEO had an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis,Escherichia coli,Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus,and Propionibacterium acnes;the antibacterial ability from strong to weak was Staphylococcus Epidermidis(8.25 mg/mL),Escherichia coli(15.00 mg/mL),Candida albicans(16.31 mg/mL),Staphylococcus aureus(18.00 mg/mL),Propionibacterium acnes(20.78 mg/mL).The percutaneous administration of LEO did not cause skin sensitization and inflammatory reaction in guinea pigs.Compared with the blank group,the effect of topical LEO application on the weight of the guinea pig's spleen is not statistically significant(P>0.05),and the effect on the levels of IgA,IgE,IgG in the serum and spleen tissue of guinea pigs is not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions LEO has a certain antibacterial effect on five common pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis,Escherichia coli,Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes,and is safe for percutaneous administration.The results provide some reference for the development of LEO related products and their application in the field of dermatology.