武汉市某大学一起诺如病毒感染所致急性胃肠炎疫情调查

Investigation on an epidemic of acute gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus infection in a university in Wuhan

目的了解2022年武汉市某大学一起诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情的流行特征,探讨疫情原因,为疫情处置提供经验。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法开展调查,采集相关人员肛拭子和环境标本开展病原学检测,用描述性流行病学和病例对照研究分析可能的危险因素。结果本次急性胃肠炎疫情共搜索病例105例,临床表现以呕吐、恶心为主。男生罹患率(0.62%)高于女生(0.11%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。食用西区食堂某档口的食物是本次疫情的危险因素(OR=5.88,95%CI:1.95~17.74)。33份病例肛拭子标本检出GⅡ型诺如病毒。结论本次事件为一起GⅡ型诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情,食堂档口工作人员隐性感染导致的食品污染可能是本次疫情发生的原因。应在诺如病毒流行期开展食堂工作人员健康监测和定期采样检测,及时发现隐性感染者。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of an epidemic of acute gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus infection in a university in Wuhan in 2022,and to explore the cause of the epidemic,so as to provide experience for epidemic management.Methods Field epidemiological investigation methods was carried out to conduct a survey.Anal swabs and environmental samples were collected from relevant personnel for pathogen detection.Descriptive epidemiology and case-control study were used to analyze possible risk factors.Results A total of 105 cases were detected in this acute gastroenteritis epidemic,and the main clinical manifestations were vomiting and nausea.The attack rate of males(0.62%)was higher than that of females(0.11%),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Eating food from a stall in the western canteen was a risk factor for this epidemic(OR=5.88,95%CI:1.95-17.74).Type GⅡNorovirus was detected in anal swab samples from 33 cases.Conclusion This incident is an epidemic of acute gastroenteritis caused by type GⅡNorovirus infection,and food contamination caused by latent infection of cafeteria stall staff may be the cause of this epidemic.During the epidemic period of Norovirus,health surveillance and regular sampling and testing of cafeteria staff should be carried out to detect latent infectiors in time.