2015—2017年德宏州城市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析

Analysis on the monitoring results of urban living drinking water quality in Dehong Prefecture from 2015 to 2017

目的分析和讨论2015—2017年德宏州城市生活饮用水水质监测结果,为改善德宏州城市生活饮用水水质提供科学依据。方法对德宏州5个县市生活饮用水的丰水期和枯水期出厂水、二次供水和末梢水进行采样,按照国家标准《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.1~5750.13—2006)检测,《生活饮用水生活标准》(GB/T 5749—2006)评价。结果德宏州在2015—2017年共采集水样439份,312份合格,合格率为71.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不合格项目为浑浊度、pH值、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌、菌落总数、铝、铁、锰、硝酸盐氮、氨氮。5个县市的生活饮用水水样合格率芒市最高为78.0%,陇川县最低为28.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同来源的生活饮用水合格率:二次供水>出厂水>末梢水;枯水期合格率>丰水期合格率。结论德宏州城市生活饮用水合格率逐年升高,微生物和少量理化项目合格率偏低,相关部门应加强卫生监督管理,进一步完善水质净化消毒工艺和设施。

Objective To analyze and discuss the results of the water quality of urban living and drinking water in Dehong Prefecture from 2015 to 2017,so as to provide scientific basis for improving the quality of urban living and drinking water in Dehong Prefecture.Methods The samples of ex-factory water,secondary water supply and terminal water during the periods of raining season and dry season in 5 cities of Dehong Prefecture were collected and analyzed according to Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750.1-5750.13-2006),and evaluated by Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB/T 5749-2006).Results Four hundred and thirty-nine samples were collected in Dehong Prefecture from 2015 to 2017,of which 312 were qualified,with a qualified rate of 73.1%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Unqualified items were turbidity,pH,total coliforms,heat-resistant coliform bacteria,Escherichia coli,total number of colonies,aluminum,iron,manganese,nitrate nitrogen,ammonia-nitrogen.The highest qualified rate of drinking water samples in 5 counties and cities was 78.0%in Mang City,and the qualified rate of Longchuan County was the lowest as 28.2%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The qualified rate of water from different sources was secondary water supply>ex-factory water>terminal water,and the qualified rate of water during dry season>wet season.Conclusion The qualified rate of urban drinking water in Dehong Prefecture is increasing year by year,but the qualified rate of microorganisms and a small amount of physical and chemical items is low.The relevant departments should strengthen the health supervision and management,and further improve the water purification and disinfection process and facilities.