新冠肺炎防控措施对沧州市流感疫情的影响

Impact of the prevention and control measures of COVID-19 on the influenza epidemic in Cangzhou City

目的 探讨新冠肺炎防控措施对沧州市流感疫情的影响,为该市科学制定流感防控政策提供依据。方法 回顾性收集“中国流感监测信息系统”沧州市某流感哨点医院2016—2019年流感样病例(influenza-like illness, ILI)及2020—2021年新冠肺炎防控措施实施后的ILI监测数据,进行描述性分析,比较新冠肺炎防控措施前后的流感样病例百分比(percentage of influenza-like illness, ILI%)及流感病毒核酸阳性检出率的变化。结果 2020—2021年沧州市新冠肺炎防控措施实施后,流感监测哨点医院的ILI%显著高于新冠肺炎疫情发生前水平(χ^(2)=598.64,P<0.001);2020—2021年该市的流感病毒核酸阳性检出率显著低于新冠肺炎疫情发生前水平(χ^(2)=155.64,P<0.001)。结论 2020—2021年沧州市新冠肺炎防控措施的实施对该市流感疫情的发生起到一定抑制作用,可有效提高ILI监测的敏感性,降低流感病毒的人间流行。

Objective To explore the impact of the prevention and control measures of COVID-19 on the influenza epidemic in Cangzhou City,and to provide the basis for the scientific formulation of influenza-related prevention and control policies.Methods Influenza-like illness(ILI)data of an influenza sentinel hospital in Cangzhou City from 2016 to 2019 and ILI surveillance data from 2020 to 2021 after the implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control measures were retrospectively collected from the"China Influenza Surveillance Information System",and descriptive analysis was conducted to compare the percentage of ILI(ILI%)and positive detection rate of Influenza virus nucleic acid before and after the prevention and control measures for COVID-19.Results After the implementation of the prevention and control measures for COVID-19 in Cangzhou City from 2020 to 2021,the ILI%in sentinel influenza surveillance hospitals from 2020 to 2021 was significantly higher than in the pre-COVID-19 level(χ^(2)=598.64,P<0.001);the positive rate of nucleic acid detection for influenza viruses of that city from 2020 to 2021 was significantly lower than that before the COVID-19 epidemic(χ^(2)=155.64,P<0.001).Conclusion The implementation of the prevention and control measures for COVID-19 in Cangzhou City from 2020 to 2021 plays a suppressive role in the occurrence of influenza epidemic,improvs the sensitivity of ILI surveillance and reduces the prevalence of influenza viruses in humans.