Habilitation护理模式对智能减退患者认知功能、自理能力及生活质量的影响

Effect of Habilitation Nursing Model on Cognitive Function,Self-care Ability,and Quality of Life in Patients with Mental Retardation

目的:探讨Habilitation护理模式对智能减退患者认知功能、自理能力及生活质量的影响。方法:前瞻性选取2021年1月1日~2023年1月31日收治的智能减退患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各60例,对照组给予常规护理,研究组给予Habilitation护理模式;比较两组护理满意度,干预前后认知功能[采用简易智能量表(MMSE)]、体衰能力[采用总体衰退量表(GDS)]、日常生活能力[采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)]、生活质量[采用生活质量量表(QOL)],同时记录两组在护理过程中不良安全行为发生情况。结果:研究组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组MMSE、QOL、ADL及GDS评分均优于干预前(P<0.01),且研究组优于对照组(P<0.01);研究组不良安全行为发生率低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:应用Habilitation护理模式护理可改善智能减退患者的认知功能,提高其自理能力与生活质量,同时降低不良安全行为发生率,安全性较高,值得临床推广。

Objective:To explore the effect of Habilitation nursing model on cognitive function,Self-care ability,and quality of life of pa-tients with mental retardation.Methods:A total of 120 patients with mental retardation admitted from January 1,2021 to January 31,2023 were prospectively selected as the subjects of this study,and then all the subjects were divided into the study group and the control group by the random number table method,with 60 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing care,while the study group received Habilitation nursing mode.Comparison was made on the nursing satisfaction,overall cognitive function by MMSE,overall decline by GDS,ability of daily living by ADL,and quality of life by QOL of the two groups of study subjects before and after nursing,and the ad-verse safety behaviors of the two groups during the nursing process were recorded.Results:The nursing satisfaction of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).After nursing,the MMSE scores,QOL scores,ADL scores,and GDS scores of patients in the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.01),and higher in the study group than those in the control group(P<0.01).The incidence of adverse events was significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The application of Habilitation nursing model in nursing patients with decreased intelligence has a satisfactory effect,which can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients,improve their self-care ability and quality of life,and effectively reduce the incidence of adverse safety behaviors.The safety is high,and is worth promoting in clinical practice.