个性化饮食方案在肝硬化腹水患者中的应用

Application of Personalized Diet Regimen in Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites

目的:探讨个性化饮食方案在肝硬化腹水患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年3月1日~2021年3月31日收治的120例肝硬化腹水患者,根据随机数字法分为对照组和实验组各60例,对照组实施常规护理,实验组在常规护理基础上实施个性化饮食方案;比较两组护理前后肝功能[包括蛋白水平(白蛋白和球蛋白)、转氨酶水平(谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶)及胆红素水平]、生活质量[采用健康调查简表(SF-36)],住院时间、尿量恢复时间、腹水减少50%的平均时间及并发症发生率。结果:护理后,两组白蛋白水平高于护理前(P<0.01),球蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、胆红素水平均低于护理前(P<0.01),且实验组优于对照组(P<0.01);护理后,两组SF-36中身体功能、社会功能、情绪功能及精神健康维度评分均高于护理前(P<0.01),疼痛、失眠紊乱维度评分均低于护理前(P<0.01),且实验组优于对照组(P<0.01);实验组住院时间、尿量恢复时间、腹水减少50%的平均时间均短于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05),并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);结论:个性化饮食方案能最大限度稳定肝硬化腹水患者肝功能,提高其生活质量,缩短腹水消失时间,降低并发症发生率。

Objective:To explore the application effect of personalized diet regimen in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.Methods:One hundred and twenty patients with cirrhosis and ascites were selected between March 1,2019 and March 31,2021,and were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method with 60 cases in each group.The control group implemented routine care mode and the experimental group implemented personalized dietary plan based on the above basis.Comparison was made on liver function such as protein levels(albumin and globulin),transaminase levels(alanase and gluten transaminase)and bilirubin levels,quality of life by the Short Form Health Survey Profile(SF-36),time of hospital stay,time of urine volume recovery,time of ascites disappearance and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:After nursing,the albumin levels were higher in both groups than those before nursing(P<0.01),the globin,alanase and gluten transaminase levels,and bilirubin levels were lower in both groups than those before nursing(P<0.01),and lower in the experimental group than those in the control group(P<0.01).After nursing,the SF-36 dimensional scores such as somatic function,social function,emotional function and mental health were higher in both groups than those before nursing(P<0.01),the pain and insomnia dimensional scores were lower in both groups than those before nursing(P<0.01),and better in the experimental group than those in the control group(P<0.01).The hospitalization,time of urinary recovery and ascites disappearance were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the incidence of complications was lower in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Personalized diet scheme can greatly stabilize the patient liver function,improve the quality of life,reduce the ascites disappearance time,and reduce the incidence of complications.