奖惩敏感性问卷的汉化及其在青少年中的信效度检验

Reliability and validity test of Chinese version of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire for Adolescence

目的对奖惩敏感性问卷(SPSRQ)进行汉化修订,并检验其在青少年中的信效度,以期为评估青少年奖惩敏感性提供可靠工具。方法对SPSRQ进行翻译、回译、跨文化调试,形成青少年SPSRQ中文版(SPSRQ-A);2022年1月17日—9月30日采用随机抽样法和年级分层抽样法对1350名青少年施测,将总样本随机平均分成两组,采用一组数据进行项目分析和探索性因子分析,另一组数据进行验证性因子分析、效标效度和信度检验。结果SPSRQ-A中文版包含奖励敏感性(16个条目)和惩罚敏感性(21个条目)2个维度,累计方差贡献率为54.321%。验证性因子模型主要拟合指标符合测量学要求(χ^(2)/df=3.156,RMSEA=0.059,SRMR=0.062,CFI=0.906,NNFI=0.900);条目内容效度指数(I-CVI)均为0.800~1.000,平均量表内容效度指数(S-CVI/Ave)为0.970;SPSRQ-A中文版2个维度得分与2个效标量表得分显著相关(r=-0.453~0.604,P<0.001)。信度检验:总量表和敏感性、惩罚敏感性维度Cronbach′sα系数为0.883~0.953,折半信度为0.887。结论SPSRQ-A中文版信效度良好,可作为评价我国青少年强化敏感性的有效工具。

Objective To revise the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire(SPSRQ),and to evaluate its validity and reliability in Chinese adolescents.Methods Standard forward-backward translation procedure,cross-cultural adaptation and pilot test were used in the translation of the SPSRQ.From Jan.17th to Sept.30th in 2022,totally 1350 adolescents were tested by random sampling and grade stratified sampling.The data were classified into two groups,data of one group were used to conduct exploratory factor analysis and item analysis,and data of the other group were used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis,criterion validity test and reliability test.Results The Chinese version of SPSRQ-A contained two dimensions of reward sensitivity and punishment sensitivity,with 16 items in reward sensitivity and 21 items in punishment sensitivity,whose cumulative contribution of variance accounted for 54.321% of total variance.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fitting indexes met the statistical standard(χ^(2)/df=3.156,RMSEA=0.059,SRMR=0.0617,CFI=0.906,NNFI=0.900).Item-content validity index(I-CVI)was 0.800-1.000,and scale-content validity index/average(S-CVI/Ave)was O.970.There was significant correlation between the scores of two dimensions and the scores of two criterion scales(r=-0.453-0.604,P<0.001).The Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the scale and each dimension ranged from 0.883 to 0.953,the split-half reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.887.Conclusion The Chinese version of SPSRQ-A shows good reliability and validity,which can be used as an effective tool to evaluate the reinforcement sensitivity of Chinese adolescents.