农业劳动力外流对耕地抛荒的影响及其形成机制研究

Research on the Impact of Agricultural Labor Outflow on Arable Land Abandonment and Its Formation Mechanisms

本研究基于大规模问卷调查数据,归纳了耕地抛荒的分布特征,并结合农业劳动力外流和耕地要素价格等因素,分析了耕地抛荒的形成机制。研究结果表明:(1)随着农业劳动力外流程度的增加,耕地利用效率既存在村庄层面的分化,又存在区域之间的分化。在一部分村庄或区域,随着农业劳动力外流程度的增加,耕地流转规模增加,而在另一部分村庄或区域,则出现耕地抛荒的态势不断加剧。(2)在农业劳动力外流的过程中,耕地利用效率的分化与农业劳动力外流对耕地抛荒的异质性影响密切相关。在耕地要素价格较高、耕地资源禀赋较好的村庄或区域,农业劳动力外流对耕地抛荒的激化效应较弱;而在耕地要素价格较低、耕地资源禀赋较差的村庄或区域,农业劳动力外流对耕地抛荒的激化效应较强。

Based on the data from a large-scale questionnaire survey,this paper summarizes the distribution characteris⁃tics of the current arable land abandonment,and analyzes the formation mechanism of arable land abandonment by combining factors such as the outflow of agricultural laborers and the arable land factor prices.The results of the study show that:(1)with the increase of the degree of agricultural labor force outflow,the utilization efficiency of arable land is differentiated both at the village level and between regions.In some villages or regions,with the increase of the degree of agricultural labor force outflow,the scale of arable land transfer increases,while in other parts of the villages or regions,there is an increasing trend of arable land abandonment.(2)In the process of agricultural labor force outflow,the differentiation of arable land utilization efficiency is closely related to the heterogeneous impact of agricultural labor force outflow on arable land abandonment.In villages or regions with higher farmland factor prices and better farmland resource endowment,the radicalization effect of agricultural labor force outflow on arable land abandonment is weaker;while in villages or regions with lower farmland factor prices and poorer farmland resource endowment,the radicalization effect of agricultural labor force outflow on arable land abandonment is stronger.