黄河流域市域大气污染治理效率的空间关联网络及其驱动因素

Spatial Correlation Network of Urban Air Pollution Control Efficiency in the Yellow River Basin and Its Driving Factors

文章以2005-2020年黄河流域99个地级及以上城市为研究样本,以市域为研究尺度,在全面测度其大气污染治理效率基础之上,采用社会网络分析法(SNA)和二次指派程序分析法(QAP)深度探究大气污染治理效率的空间关联网络及其驱动因素。结果表明:①研究时段内,黄河流域市域大气污染治理效率呈现出由东向西的阶梯式跃升格局,但整体仍有较大提升空间。②黄河流域市域大气污染治理效率内聚性有待提升,网络关联度稳定,冗余度较低,空间关联网络并未出现严格的等级秩序,网络小世界特征明显。③黄河流域市域大气污染治理效率空间关联网络具有典型的“中心-边缘”分布格局,聊城、长治、临汾等黄河流域东、中部地区城市溢出关系较多,在网络中主要处于中心位置;西安、成都等西部地区城市以接收其他城市的溢出关系为主,在网络中主要处于边缘位置。④由济南、淄博等城市组成的板块Ⅰ属于“净受益”板块,由青岛、烟台等城市组成的板块Ⅱ属于“净溢出”板块,由郑州、开封等城市组成的板块Ⅲ以及成都、德阳等城市组成的板块Ⅳ均属于“双向溢出”板块;板块间溢出效应具有显著的“向心式”空间传递特征。⑤黄河流域市域大气污染治理效率空间关联网络的形成受到多种因素的综合作用,地理邻近性、产业结构差异与信息化水平差异对其具有显著正向影响,经济增长差异与环境规制强度差异具有负向影响。

Based on the comprehensive measurement of air pollution control efficiency of 99 cities at prefecture level and above in the Yellow River Basin,this paper uses social network analysis and the quadratic assignment procedure to explore the spatial correlation network and driving factors of air pollution control efficiency deeply at city level.The empirical results indicate that:1)During the study period,urban air pollution control efficiency in the Yellow River Basin shows a step pattern from the east of the Yellow River Basin to the west of the Yellow River Basin,but there is still a large room for improvement.2)The cohesion of urban air pollution control efficiency needs to be improved in the Yellow River Basin,the network correlation degree is stable,the redundancy degree is low,the spatial correlation network does not appear strict hierarchical order,the characteristics of the network small world are obvious.3)The spatial correlation network of urban air pollution control efficiency in the Yellow River Basin has a typical"center-edge"distribution pattern.It has more spillover relationships in the east and middle of the Yellow River Basin,such as Liaocheng,Changzhi,Linfen and so on which are mainly in the center of the network.Cities in western China,such as Xi'an and Chengdu,mainly receive spillover relationships from other cities and are mainly in marginal positions in the network.4)Plate I composed of cities such as Jinan and Zibo belongs to the"net benefit"plate,plate II composed of cities such as Qingdao and Yantai belongs to the"net overflow"plate,plate III composed of cities such as Zhengzhou and Kaifeng and plate IV composed of cities such as Chengdu and Deyang belong to the"two-way overflow"plate.The inter-plate spillover effect has a remarkable"centripetal"spatial transmission characteristic.5)The spatial correlation network of urban air pollution control efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is influenced by various factors.Geographical proximity,industrial structure difference and informatization level difference have significant positive effects on it,while economic growth difference and environmental regulation intensity difference have negative effects.