中国农地确权对农村居民福利的影响——基于土地政策计量视角

Impact of Rural Land Right Confirmation on the Welfare Level of Rural Residents inChina:Based on the Perspective of Land Policiometric Analysis

文章选用主成分分析法,从农村贫困发生率、农村常住居民人均可支配收入、农村常住居民人均消费支出3个维度构建农村居民福利水平指标。基于北大法宝和各城市政府官方网站,以各地实际开启农地确权制度为准自然实验,使用多期双重差分模型检验农地确权对农村居民福利水平的影响。研究发现:①农地确权制度可以通过改善农业生产效率、增加农地流转规模和激发农村金融市场活跃度来改善农村居民福利水平。②在东部和中部地区,农地确权可以显著提高农村居民福利水平;在西部地区,农地确权对农村贫困治理具有极大作用。③在产权强度保护较好的地区,农地确权可以通过更大幅度提高农业生产效率来改善农村居民福利水平;在人口城镇化水平较高的地区,农地确权可以通过更大规模促使农地流转来改善农村居民福利水平;在金融支持水平较高的地区,农地确权可以通过更加有效激发农村金融市场发育来改善农村居民福利水平。

This paper uses the principal component analysis method to construct the indicators of rural residents'welfare level from three dimensions:the incidence of rural poverty,the per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents and the per capita consumption expenditure of rural permanent residents.Based on the PKULAW and the official websites of each city government,this paper takes the rural land right confirmation system in each city as the quasi-natural experiment,uses the difference-in-difference model to analyze the impact of the rural land right confirmation system on the welfare level of rural residents.It's found that:1)The rural land right confirmation system can improve the welfare level of rural residents by improving agricultural production efficiency,increasing the scale of rural land circulation and stimulating the activity of rural financial market.2)In the eastern and central regions,rural land right confirmation can significantly improve the welfare level of rural residents.In the western region,the confirmation of agricultural land rights plays a great role in the governance of rural poverty.3)In the areas with better protection of property rights,the confirmation of agricultural land rights can improve the welfare level of rural residents by increasing agricultural production efficiency.In areas with the high-level population urbanization,the confirmation of agricultural land rights can improve the welfare level of rural residents by promoting the transfer of agricultural land on a larger scale.In areas with high-level financial support,rural land right confirmation can improve the welfare level of rural residents by more effectively stimulating the development of rural financial markets.