甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)在植物诱变育种中的应用

Application of Ethyl Methanesulfonate(EMS)in Plant Mutation Breeding

甲基磺酸乙酯(ethyl methanesulfonate,EMS)是一类具有诱变概率高、突变效率高且稳定的烷化类化学诱变剂,能够诱发产生高密度的系列等位基因发生点突变,在植物种质资源的创制、突变体库的建立以及功能基因组学的研究等方面得到了广泛的应用。本研究主要从EMS诱变剂的剂量和处理时间、诱变材料的选择、植物诱变性状、突变体的筛选及鉴定方法等方面进行了简述,为植物育种工作者提供研究思路和参考依据。这对EMS诱变技术在植物诱变育种中的研究具有重要意义。

Ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)is a kind of alkylating chemical mutagen with high mutagensis probability,high mutation efficiency and stability.It can induce a high density series of allele point mutations.It has been widely used in plant germplasm resource creation,mutant library establishment and functional genomics research.In this study,the dosage and treatment time of EMS mutagens,selection of mutagenic materials,plant mutagenic characters,screening and identification methods of mutants are briefly described,in order to provide research ideas and reference for plant breeders.This is of great significance to the research of EMS mutagenesis technology in plant mutation breeding.