骨性Ⅰ类不同垂直骨面型成年女性颏部及上气道形态的研究

A study on the morphology of the chin and upper airway in skeletal ClassⅠadult females with different vertical skeletal patterns

目的探讨骨性Ⅰ类成年女性不同垂直骨面型颏部形态、位置及上气道形态的相关性。方法本研究为回顾性研究,选择骨性Ⅰ类成年女性60例,按下颌平面角度分为高角、均角、低角组,每组20例。拍摄锥形束CT并用三维测量软件测量,分析颏部形态位置、上气道形态相关指标。结果低角组颏厚度(14.89±1.27)mm大于高角组(13.69±1.38)mm,P=0.023。高角组颏部垂直向位置靠下,矢状向位置靠后。低角组上气道总体积(17.56±5.95)mm小于高角组(22.10±5.39)mm,P=0.040。颏长度与上气道总长度、总体积、上气道最小截面积呈正相关(r=0.335,P=0.009;r=0.417,P=0.001;r=0.284,P=0.028)。颏顶点垂直位置与喉咽长度、上气道总长度、上气道最小截面积呈正相关(r=0.311,P=0.016;r=0.328,P=0.010;r=0.383,P=0.003)。结论高角患者颏部形态细长,正中联合平坦,位置靠后下方,上气道容积较大,低角患者与之相反。颏部形态及位置与舌咽气道形态相关性较显著。颏长度越大,颏部靠前下,上气道容积相对较大。

Objective To determine differences in the chin and upper airway in skeletal ClassⅠpatients with different vertical skeletal patterns.And to investigate the relationship between the chin and the upper airway morphology.Methods This study is a retrospective study.Sixty cases of skeletal ClassⅠadult females were selected and divided into high,average and low angle groups according to the mandibular plane angle.All subjects'cone-beam computed tomography images were measured using three-dimensional software.Measurements included the chin morphology,position and upper airway morphology.Results Chin thickness in the low angle group(14.89±1.27)mm were greater than those in the high angle group(13.69±1.38)mm,P=0.023;The vertical position of the chin in the high angle group was lower,while horizontal position was more posterior.The total volume of the upper airway in the low angle group(17.56±5.95)mm was smaller than that in the high angle group(22.10±5.39)mm,P=0.040.The chin length was positively correlated with the total length,the total volume and the minimum cross-sectional area of upper airway(r=0.335,P=0.009;r=0.417,P=0.001;r=0.284,P=0.028).Gn-H distance was positively correlated with the length of laryngopharynx,the total length and minimum cross-sectional area of the upper airway(r=0.311,P=0.016;r=0.328,P=0.010;r=0.383,P=0.003).Conclusions For high angle patients,the chin morphology is slender;symphysis concavity is small;the chin position is backward and downward;the total volume of the upper airway is greater,while those of patients with low angle are opposite.There is a positive correlation between the morphology and position of the chin and the morphology of the glossopharyngeal airway.The greater the chin length is and the more forward the chin is,the upper airway volume is larger.