断纹之趣、断弦之思与残琴之响——张岱诗文中的古琴书写

The Fun of Broken Grains,the Thoughts of Broken Strings and the Sound of the Residual Guqin——Zhang Dai's Poems and Essays on Guqin

晚明文人张岱现存诗文中,涉及古琴书写的,诗歌近四十首,文二十余篇。作为雅士身份的象征,古琴之于文士素有重要意义;张岱这些与古琴相关的文字,在显现了明清古琴文化变迁的同时,亦昭示出张岱深厚的琴学素养,并托喻着其高旷清远的人生境界。张岱诗文中的古琴书写,显以甲申巨变为界,前后期呈现出不同的写作面相与精神风貌。从断纹之趣、断弦之思、残琴之响的层面切入,探究其古琴书写的丰富面相与精神意涵,并结合《沈复燦钞本琅嬛文集》新出琴诗进一步考量其易代世变后古琴变徵之音的内在情思,有助于我们从特定角度重新认知张岱文学创作的审美品位、人生理想的复杂性及其身份转寰与生命自醒的意义。

Zhang Dai,man of letters in the late Ming Dynasty,in his extant poems and essays,there are nearly 40 poems and more than 20 essays on Guqin.As a symbol of refined scholars,Guqin has always been of great significance to scholars.Zhang Dai's writings related to Guqin not only show the cultural changes of Guqin in the Ming and Qing dynasties,but also reveal Zhang Dai's profound Guqin knowledge,alluding to his lofty and pure life realm.The Guqin writing in Zhang Dai's poems is clearly divided by the Jiashen Great Change,showing different writing aspects and spiritual outlooks in the early and late stages.From the perspectives of the fun of broken grains,the thoughts of broken strings,and the sound of the residual Guqin,this paper explores the rich aspects and spiritual connotations of his Guqin writing.In combination with the newly Guqin poetry named"Shen Fucan's Copy–Lang Huan Collection",it further considers the inner feelings of the sound of Guqin after the change of the world,which helps us to re-understand the aesthetic tastes of Zhang Dai's literary creation,the complexity of his life ideals and the significance of his identity transformation and life self-awakening.