笔记抒志:《枣林杂俎》与明清之际士人的历史意识

Giving Expression to One's Aspiration through Literary Notes:Miscellaneous Records of the Jujube Park and the Historical Consciousness of Ming Qing Scholars

历史意识与历史书写是史家著史的立场表达,而在易代鼎革中忧患意识尤为明显。明清之际的士人们在一系列价值考量中,面临生死自处,为旧朝修史就成为他们寄托故国之思,与清廷争夺话语权的重要形式。透过谈迁的《枣林杂俎》这部笔记体史书,去考察明清之际士人们的历史意识,并且谈迁借由笔记抒志,通过当代人记当代史的书写方式,最终完成士人身份的转变和对文化秩序的诉求。

Historians express their ideas through historical consciousness and historical writings.That scholars worried about the future hardship was particularly obvious during dynastic transitions.In the Ming and Qing transitional period,scholars were confronted with polarized values and difficult choices.Compiling history for the previous dynasty helped them recall the old days,express their nostalgia,and fight for historical voices against the Qing court.Miscellaneous Records of the Jujube Parkk(Zaolin zazu)was written by Tan Qian who gave expression to his aspiration by composing the note-style historical work.Through this work,Tan fulfilled his scholarly transformation and cultural order pursuit.