“《文王》之什”与早期周民族的史诗结构形式

"Decade of Wen Wang"and the Epic Structure of the Early Zhou Nationality

黑格尔对史诗有经典的理论表述,但是对中国古代史诗有很深的误解。本文以《诗经·大雅》中的“《文王》之什”为例,分析早期周民族史诗的组诗构成形式。“《文王》之什”以组诗形式,以“文王之德”为核心叙述殷周革命的宏大历史。“《文王》之什”的十篇之间存在相互联系的内在逻辑,呈现出周民族祖先谱系和母系来源,塑造了周文王“宾于帝”的崇高形象和宗教角色。周民族史诗由若干篇章构成组诗,相互联系,有讲有唱,特色鲜明,自成形态。

Decade of Wen Wang narrates the grand history of the revolution of Yin and Zhou Dynasty in group poem form with"the virtues of Wen Wang"as its core.There is a logic between the ten chapters,showing ancestral lineage and matrilineal origin of the Zhou nationality,and portraying the lofty image and religious role of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty as"the helper of Heaven Emperor".The national epics in early Zhou Dynasty consists of poem composed of several chapters,which are linked to each other,with distinctivefeatures.