基于数据挖掘研究陈小弟治疗肿瘤术后用药规律

Study on Medication Rules of CHEN Xiaodi Treating Patients After Surgery for Tumor Based on Data Mining

目的:基于数据挖掘研究陈小弟主任中医师治疗肿瘤术后的用药规律。方法:选取陈小弟门诊有效的首诊处方,建立数据库,采用频数分析、聚类分析对药物药性、药味、归经、功效、配伍规律进行数据挖掘,并与陈小弟主任中医师进行当面访谈交流,就挖掘结果询问征求其本人的意见及解释。结果:共获236首处方,涉及中药183味,18类功效,使用频次4 518次。使用频率>10%的中药共40味,频率>50%的中药有11味,依次为甘草、茯苓、神曲、白术、白花蛇舌草、薏苡仁、砂仁、制半夏、苦杏仁、枳壳、太子参。药性以寒、温、平为主;药味辛、苦、甘占多数。药物归经以五脏为重,以脾(胃)为首,肺次之。使用频率>5%的药物有8类,依次为补虚类、清热类、化痰平喘止咳类、利水渗湿类、解表类、化湿类、理气类、消食类。高频药物聚类得出11个聚类组,集中反映以五脏为中心进行脏腑辨治,以正虚、热、毒、痰、湿、风、气滞为辨治要点进行组方配伍。结论:陈小弟主任中医师治疗肿瘤术后用药规律表现为围绕五脏为中心,扶正补虚,祛邪抗癌,用药寒温并用,内外相因结合。

Objective:To study the medication rules of CHEN Xiaodi,the chief physician of Chinese medicine,in the treatment of patients after surgery for tumor based on data mining.Methods:The first effective prescription from CHEN Xiaodi's clinic was selected,the database was established,and the data mining was carried out on natures and flavors of medicine,meridian tropism,medicine efficacy,and compatibility rules by frequency analysis and cluster analysis.The authors had a face-to-face interview with CHEN Xiaodi,and asked for his own opinions and explanations on the mining results.Results:A total of 236 prescriptions were obtained,involving 183 kinds of Chinese medicinals,18 kinds of effects,and 4518 times of use.There were 40 Chinese medicinals with a frequency higher than 10%,and 11 Chinese medicinals with a frequency higher than 50%,including Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Poria,Massa Medicata Fermentata,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Coicis Semen,Amomi Fructus,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Aurantii Fructus,and Pseudostellariae Radix.The medicinal natures are mainly cold,warm,and mild;the medicinal flavors are mainly acrid,bitter,and sweet.The meridian tropism of medicinals is mainly the five viscera,with the spleen(stomach)being the first,followed by the lung.There were 8 types of medicinals with a frequency of use higher than 5%,which were those for supplementing deficiency,for clearing heat,for dissolving phlegm and relieving panting and cough,for promoting urination and percolating dampness,for releasing the exterior,for resolving dampness,for regulating qi,and for promoting digestion.Eleven clustering groups were obtained by high-frequency medicine clustering,which reflected the differentiation and treatment of viscera and bowels centered on the five viscera,and the compatibility of prescriptions with healthy qi deficiency,heat,toxin,phlegm,dampness,wind,and qi stagnation as the main points of differentiation and treatment.Conclusion:The medication rules of CHEN Xiaodi,the chief physician of Chinese medicine,treating patients after surgery for tumor is centered on the five viscera,reinforcing healthy qi and supplementing deficiency,dispelling pathogen and anti-cancer,using both cold and warm medicinals,and combining internal and external causes.