基于数据挖掘分析中医药治疗原发性肝癌用药规律

Analysis of Medication Rules of Treating Primary Liver Cancer with Chinese Medicine Based on Data Mining

目的:应用数据挖掘技术,分析中医药治疗原发性肝癌的药物应用规律,通过统计学分析,对中医药治疗原发性肝癌的用药规律进行研究。方法:检索中国知网数据库、古今医案云平台近15年中医治疗原发性肝癌的文献,对所得处方的药物及其性味、归经进行频数分析、聚类分析、关联规则分析及复杂网络分析。结果:纳入文献共853篇,中药使用总频次为12 900次,单个中药使用频率≥80者共33味。中药性味频数分析显示,药性以寒、平、温为主,药味以甘、苦为主。中药归经频数分析显示以肝、脾、肺、胃经为主。中药功效频数分析显示以补虚药最高,清热药、利水渗湿药、活血化瘀药、理气药次之。中药使用频数分析显示,茯苓使用次数最高,白术、芍药、甘草、柴胡、黄芪、白花蛇舌草、当归、鳖甲、党参、半枝莲、陈皮、薏苡仁、半夏次之,均达到200次以上。通过高频药物聚类分析,发现中医治疗肝癌以健脾化痰、补气祛瘀、清热解毒中药为主。通过高频药物关联规则分析,发现有效强关联性药对为茯苓-半夏-白术、茯苓-半夏-陈皮。通过高频药物复杂网络分析,发现健脾化湿药、疏肝解郁药以及燥湿祛痰药物之间的联系最为紧密。结论:中医治疗原发性肝癌用药主要以寒、平、温为主,治疗原则为健脾疏肝、化痰散瘀。

Objective:To analyze and study the medication rules of treating primary liver cancer with Chinese medicine through statistical analysis based on data mining.Methods:The literatures concerning primary liver cancer treated with Chinese medicine in China National knowledge Internet and Ancient and Modern Medical Cases Cloud Platform over the past 15 years were searched,and the medicines found in the prescriptions and their natures,flavors and channel entries were given the analyses of frequency,cluster,association rules and complex network.Results:A total of 853 literature were included,where Chinese medicinals were used for 12900 times and 33 ones were used for more than 80 times.The Chinese medicinals used in therapeutic prescriptions were mainly cold,mild and warm in nature,and sweet and bitter in flavor,with common channel entries to the liver,spleen,lung and stomach;in terms of the curative effects,the Chinese medicinals for supplementing deficiency were used the most,followed by those for clearing heat,inducing diuresis to drain dampness,activating blood and resolving stasis and regulating qi.Poria topped the first for single use,followed by Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Scutellariae Barbatae Herba,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Bupleuri Radix,Astragali Radix,Hedyotis Herba Diffusae,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Trionycis Carapax,Codonopsis Radix,Paeoniae Radix,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Coicis Semen and Pinelliae Rhizoma,which were used for more than 200 times.According to the association analysis of commonly-used Chinese medicinals,the Chinese medicine treatment of liver cancer mainly adopted the Chinese medicinals for fortifying the spleen to resolve phlegm,tonifying qi to dispel stasis and clearing heat to resolve toxins;the herbal pairs with high association were Poria-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Atractylodis Rhizoma and Poria-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium.The analysis of complex network of commonly-used Chinese medicinals showed that those for tonifying the spleen and resolving dampness,dispersing the stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation and drying dampness to resolve phlegm presented the strongest link.Conclusion:The Chinese medicine treatment of primary liver cancer mainly uses the medicinals that are cold,mild and warm in nature,and its treatment principle is to tonify the spleen and sooth the liver,and resolve phlegm and dissipate stasis.