饮食模式防治代谢性心血管病——基于中医药理论的解读与思考

Dietary Patterns for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Disease:Interpretation and Thinking Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory

代谢性心血管病(CMD)是一组代谢异常和心血管损害存在因果关系的临床综合征。尽管采取了强有力的药物干预和临床治疗方法,其发病率和死亡率仍居高不下。迫切需要有效的、以证据为基础的综合管理措施,以提高患者的寿命和生活质量。从《黄帝内经》中提出“食养尽之”的食养概念到饮食限制、植物性饮食、江南饮食等现代饮食模式的广泛应用,饮食调养在未病先防、已病早治、瘥后调摄中均发挥着重要作用。该文系统梳理了饮食模式的中医理论渊源,阐述了饮食限制等现代饮食模式防治CMD的前沿证据与机制,探索将传统中医药理论与饮食模式相结合的防治策略,以期建立食养医三位一体的中西医结合饮食新模式,为CMD的临床管理提供新思路和新方向。

Cardiometabolic disease(CMD) is a clinical syndrome in which there is a causal relationship between metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular damage.The incidence and mortality rates of CMD remain high despite the use of potent pharmacologic interventions and clinical therapeutic approaches.There is an urgent need for effective evidence-based comprehensive management measures to improve patients' lifespan and quality of life.From the concept of "nourishing through food" proposed in the Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing) to the widespread application of modern dietary patterns such as dietary restriction,plant-based diets,and Jiangnan cuisine,dietary regulation plays a significant role in preventing diseases,early treatment of existing diseases,and recovery.This article systematically reviewed the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory related to dietary patterns,elucidated the cutting-edge evidence and mechanisms of modern dietary patterns like dietary restriction in preventing and treating CMD,and explored the strategy of integrating TCM theory with dietary patterns,aiming to establish a new food-nutrition-medicine approach that combines traditional Chinese and western medicine and provide novel insights and directions for the clinical management of CMD.