轻型无坐力武器连续射击时炮尾位置温度场的数值分析

Numerical analysis of the temperature field at the gun tail of light recoilless weapons during continuous firing

无坐力炮连续发射过程中,炮尾温度会持续升高,而炮尾是炮手最容易接触到的位置.为解决炮手的安全防护问题,利用Ansys-Workbench软件建立轻型无坐力炮炮尾有限元模型,模拟无坐力炮发射过程中火药气体与炮尾内壁的强制对流、外壁与环境的自然对流,并且考虑了内弹道时期结束后外界空气流入与炮尾内壁间的自然对流.通过建立炮尾处火药燃气的温度方程,确定炮尾内壁的对流换热系数,并数值模拟了轻型无坐力炮速射时炮尾段的温度分布规律.结果表明:炮尾外壁温度随射弹数增加而逐渐上升,在连续射击到6发和12发时分别达到了116℃和138℃,此数值模拟温度结果与试验结果相一致,由此得出结论:无坐力炮速射过程中炮尾位置的温升对炮手有烫伤的隐患,需要增加适当的防护外套.

During the continuous firing process of a recoilless gun,the temperature of the gun tail will continue to rise,and the gun tail is the most accessible position for gunners.In order to solve the problem of gunner's safety protection,this paper establishes a finite element model of a recolless gun tail by using the Ansys-Workbench software to simulate the forced convection between the gunpowder gas and the inner wall of the gun tail during firing,and the natural convection between the outer wall and the environment.It also considers the natural convection between the outer air inflow and the inner wall of the gun tail after the end of the interior ballistic period.The convective heat transfer coefficient of the inner wall of the gun tail is determined by establishing the temperature equation of the propellant gas at the gun tail,and the temperature distribution law of the gun tail during rapid firing of the recoilless gun is numerically simulated.The results show that the temperature of the outer wall of the gun tail rises gradually with the increase of the number of projectiles,and reaches 116℃and 138℃C respectively when the gun continuously fires to 6 and 12 rounds.The numerical simulation temperature results are consistent with the experimental results.Therefore,it is concluded that the temperature rise of the gun tail in the rapid firing process of the recoilless gun may cause burns to the gunner,and proper protective jackets should be added.