新高考改革背景下高中生对高考选科认识及意向的调查分析

Survey and Analysis of High School Students'Understanding and Intention to Subjects'Selection in the College Entrance Examination under the Background of the New College Entrance Examination Reform

基于2022年“高校考试招生改革引导学生德智体美劳全面发展研究”项目组所收集的“高考改革调查问卷”中40326份高中生问卷,结果显示:高中生对高考选科制度和选科结果基本满意,对高考选科需要多主体共同参与基本认可,认为高考选科利于专业选择与职业规划,部分高中生选科时出现心理焦虑,传统文理分科仍是所选人数最多的组合。同时也发现:高中生对高考选科制度和对未来发展的引导基本满意、对家长参与高考选科的认可度偏低、家庭收入较低和教育资源相对薄弱学生的高考选科满意度较低、心理焦虑现象集中在高一与成绩较差学生、“物理遇冷”现象有效缓解等。针对这一实际,教育主管部门需对新高考科目改革持续优化调整,家长应提升在学生高考选科过程中的参与度,高中对弱势学生的选科指导需予以特别关注,同时建立家校协作机制以对产生选科心理焦虑的学生及时疏导,高校专业选科要求也尚有调整空间。

Based on the results of 40,326 questionnaires for high school students in the"College Entrance Examination Reform Questionnaire"collected by the project team in 2022,the results show that high school students are basically satisfied with the college entrance examination subjects'selection system and results,and basically recognize that the college entrance examination subjects'selection is conducive to major selection and career planning,and some high school students have psychological anxiety when choosing subjects,and traditional arts and science subjects are still the combination with the largest number of selected subjects.According to the fact that high school students are basically satisfied with the college entrance examination subjects selection system and guidance for future development,the recognition of parents'participation in college entrance examination subjects'selection is low,the satisfaction of students with low family income and relatively weak educational resources is low,the psychological anxiety phenomenon is concentrated in students with poor grades in the first year of high school,and the phenomenon of"physical cold"is effectively alleviated,etc.,the education authorities need to continue to optimize and adjust the reform of the new college entrance examination subjects,and parents should increase their participation in the process of selecting subjects for the college entrance examination.High schools need to pay special attention to the guidance of subject selection for disadvantaged students,and at the same time,establish a home-school cooperation mechanism to timely guide students who have psychological anxiety about subject selection,and there is still room for adjustment of the requirements for major subject selection in colleges and universities.