超细尾砂高效浓密技术及均质化搅拌设备的应用研究

Researchonthe Applicationof Ultra-Fine Tailings High-Efficiency Thickening Technology and Homogenization Stirring Equipment

针对某金矿原有立式砂仓分级尾砂充填系统存在的充填料浆浓度低、料浆泌水量大、充填体强度低,以及细粒级尾砂因无法利用而被排至尾矿库,导致尾矿库库容不足等问题,开展立式砂仓充填系统优化研究。为了采用-200目超细尾砂进行充填,研究了超细尾砂高效絮凝沉降结构及均质化搅拌系统,并在现场开展了应用效果测试。结果表明:(1)研发的螺旋进料絮凝沉降中心筒能够有效实现超细尾砂高效絮凝沉降,砂仓顶部溢流水澄清,溢流水的固体质量分数小于0.02%,可直接输送回选厂用于选矿;(2)当砂仓底流放砂质量浓度达到60%时,料浆整体呈膏体状,流动性好,不易发生离析,泌水率小于5%;(3)超细尾砂料浆与水泥在搅拌系统中充分混合,实现了水泥的高效利用,料浆均质化效果好,充填质量高,充填体3 d强度均高于1 MPa。实现了超细尾砂高质量充填,为无尾矿山建设奠定了坚实的基础。

In view of the production problems of the original vertical sand silo classification tailings filling system of a gold mine,such as low filling concentration,large amount of slurry flow,low strength of backfill body and insufficient storage capacity of tailings reservoir caused by the discharge of fine-grained tailings to tailings reservoir due to the unavailability of fine-grained tailings,the optimization scheme of vertical sand silo filling system was studied.The-200 mesh ultra-fine tailings were used for filling,the efficient flocculation settlement structure and the homogenization stirring system of ultra-fine tailings were studied,and the application effect was tested in the field.The results are concluded as follows.(1)The spiral feed flocculation settlement center cylinder can effectively realize the efficient flocculation settlement of ultra-fine tailings.The overflow water at the top of the sand silo is clarified,and the solid mass fraction of the overflow water is less than 0.o2%,which can be directly returned to the concentrator for beneficiation.(2)When the mass concentration of sand discharged from the bottom of the sand silo reaches 60%,the slurry is paste-like as a whole,with a good fluidity,is not easy to segregate,and the bleeding rate is less than 5%.(3)The ultra-fine tailings slurry and cement are fully mixed in the stirring system to achieve efficient use of cement.The 3 d strength of the filling body is higher than 1 MPa.The homogenization effect of the slurry is good and the filling quality is high.The high-quality flling of ultra-fine tailings has laid a solid foundation for the construction of tailings-free mines.