成人艾滋病患者心电图特征及其影响因素分析

Analysis of ECG Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Adult AIDS Patients

目的:探讨成人艾滋病(AIDS)患者心电图特征及其影响因素。方法:本文为回顾性研究,采用便利抽样法选取宜春市人民医院2021年3月—2023年2月收治的100例成人AIDS患者作为观察组,另选取同期于本院健康管理中心进行体检的200例HIV阴性者作为对照组。两组均进行常规心电图检查,分析心电图检查结果情况,比较两组心电图结果差异,应用logistic回归分析成人AIDS患者心电图异常相关影响因素。结果:观察组心电图总异常率57.00%高于对照组的32.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组窦性心动过速发生率为18.00%、窦性心动过缓发生率为13.00%、ST-T段改变发生率为10.00%、右房室肥大发生率为6.00%、左房室肥大发生率为5.00%、QT间期延长发生率为3.00%。经多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥50岁、合并心脏疾病、CD8+T淋巴细胞≥500/μL是艾滋病患者心电图异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:AIDS患者心电图异常率较高,心电图特征多为窦性心动过速,窦性心动过缓,ST-T段改变等。心电图异常与年龄、合并心脏疾病、CD8+T淋巴细胞计数有关,临床应引起重视,加强干预。

Objective:To investigate the ECG characteristics and influencing factors in adult AIDS patients.Method:This article was a retrospective study.100 adult AIDS patients admitted to Yichun People's Hospital from March 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the observation group,and 200 HIV-negative patients who underwent physical examination in the Health Management Center of our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Routine electrocardiogram examination was performed in both groups.The results of electrocardiogram examination were analyzed,and the differences between the two groups were compared.The relevant influencing factors of abnormal electrocardiogram in adult AIDS patients were analyzed by logistic regression.Result:The total abnormal rate of ECG in the observation group was 57.00%,which was higher than 32.50%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of sinus tachycardia,sinus bradycardia,ST-T segment change,right atrioventricular hypertrophy,left atrioventricular hypertrophy and QT interval prolongation in the observation group were 18.00%,13.00%,10.00%,6.00%,5.00%,and 3.00%,respectively.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age≥50 years old,combined with heart disease,CD8+T lymphocytes≥500/μL were the risk factors of abnormal ECG in AIDS patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram is high in AIDS patients,and the ECG characteristics are mostly sinus tachycardia,sinus bradycardia,ST-T segment changes,etc.The abnormal electrocardiogram is related to age,complicated heart disease and CD8+T lymphocyte count,which should be paid attention to and strengthened intervention in clinic.