尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度水平及其相关影响因素分析

Analysis of Postoperative Readiness for Hospital Discharge and Related Influencing Factors in Children with Hypospadias

目的:探讨尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度水平的影响因素。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年1月厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院收治的尿道下裂患儿80例,评估所有患儿的出院准备度情况[出院准备度量表(RHDS)],设计基线资料调查表,详细统计所有患儿及家属的基线资料,比较不同资料特征尿道下裂患儿术后的RHDS评分,重点分析尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度的影响因素。结果:经评估,80例尿道下裂患儿术后的RHDS评分为(163.42±20.19)分;患儿年龄<3岁、父母受教育程度初中及以下、家庭月人均收入<5000元、居住地农村的RHDS评分均低于患儿年龄≥3岁、父母受教育程度中专或高中及以上、家庭月人均收入≥5000元、居住地城镇,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他不同资料特征尿道下裂患儿术后的RHDS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);经多元线性回归分析,结果显示,家属受教育程度低、患儿年龄小、居住地为农村及家庭月人均收入低均是尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度呈中低水平,家属受教育程度低、患儿年龄小、居住地为农村及家庭月人均收入低均是尿道下裂患儿术后出院准备度的影响因素。

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of readiness for hospital discharge in children with hypospadias after surgery.Method:Eighty children with hypospadias admitted to Women and Children's Hospital,School of Medicine,Xiamen University from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected.The readiness for hospital discharge scale(RHDS)was used to evaluate the readiness for hospital discharge of all children.The postoperative RHDS scores of children with hypospadias with different data characteristics were compared,and the influencing factors of postoperative hospital discharge readiness of children with hypospadias were analyzed.Result:The RHDS score of the 80 patients was(163.42±20.19)points.RHDS scores of children with age<3 years old,parents with junior high school education or below,family per capita income<5000 yuan and rural areas of residence were lower than those of children with age≥3 years old,parents with secondary school education or high school education or above,family per capita income≥5000 yuan and town of residence,with statistical significance(P<0.05),there were no significant differences in RHDS scores of patients with hypospadias among other data characteristics(P>0.05).Through multiple linear regression analysis,the results showed that low family education level,young age,rural residence and low monthly per capita family income were all influencing factors for discharge readiness of children with hypospadias after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion:The readiness for hospital discharge of children with hypospadias after surgery is at a medium to low level.Low family education level,young age,rural residence and low family income are the influencing factors of the readiness for hospital discharge of children with hypospadias after surgery.