临床话语分析的内涵要义及应用路径

On the Connotation and Application of Clinical Discourse Analysis

临床话语分析是临床语言学的一个重要分支,同时也是话语分析体系的重要组成部分。它通过会话分析、语篇分析等方法观察、描写和分析患方的语言、互动行为,关注其中的音韵、词汇、句法、语义、语篇衔接和会话能力等特征。相关研究立足于语言学及其他相关理论,旨在通过细致严谨的考察论证揭示患者语言和互动行为中可概括的规律、模式或表征,进而为临床疾病及障碍的评估和诊疗提供有力支持。构建具有中国特色的临床话语分析理论体系,离不开对我国特殊人群话语的深刻洞察与认识。学界应面向国家战略和民生需求,尤其应加强对认知障碍相关脑疾病患者的话语分析研究,为完善我国脑疾病的评估、诊疗和照护体系、发展语言健康产业贡献力量。

Clinical discourse analysis is an integral sub-discipline of clinical linguistics and can also be deemed to be a type of discourse analysis.The study is committed to observing,depicting and analyzing patients’verbal and non-verbal interaction.Specifically,it probes into the phonological,lexical,syntactic,semantic,textual cohesion and conversational features in the interaction.Clinical discourse analysis aims to reveal generalizable patterns and representations in patients’language and interaction through careful and rigorous investigation and analysis,thus providing a strong support for the assessment and intervention of clinical diseases and language disorders.Rich field work and close observation of the discourse produced by atypical populations are highly needed.It is particularly suggested that scholars strengthen the research on the discourse analysis of patients with brain disorders related to cognitive impairment,thus to improve the assessment,diagnosis,and caring of populations with brain disorders and to promote the language health industry in China.