血液净化血管通路的护理进展

Nursing progress of blood purification vascular access

当前慢性肾脏疾病已经成为危害公共健康安全的主要问题,给患者和社会带来了较大的影响。慢性肾脏疾病最后的发展结果是终末期肾病。目前在临床治疗中,血液净化是最有效的终末期肾病治疗方式。血管通路可以给血液净化治疗的顺利有序开展提供有力保障,是血液透析患者的生命防线。随着经济水平的不断提升,人们的生活质量不断改善,然而糖尿病、肥胖等疾病的发病率也随之增高,致使创建血管通路的困难程度明显增加,手术之后出现并发症的概率也越来越高。随着血液净化技术的不断发展,推动了血管通路的进步,高分子合成材料与移植血管内瘘制作而成的人造血管内瘘被应用于临床治疗中。护理人员是促进血管通路发展的重要一环,护理人员认真细致的观察以及规范科学的护理,可以切实有效地降低并防止术后并发症的发生。但是因为患者身体状况存在一定差异,因此具体的护理措施和医疗器械成为了当前血液净化血管通路护理的主要研究课题。本文对血液净化血管通路的护理进展进行综述,以期为血液净化的顺利开展提供帮助。

At present,chronic kidney disease has become the main problem endangering public health and safety,which has brought huge influence to patients and society.The final development result of chronic kidney disease is end-stage renal disease.At present,blood purification is the most effective treatment metnod for end-stage renal disease in the clinical teatment.Vascular access can provide a strong guarantee for the smooth and orderly development of blood purification treatment,and is the life defense line of hemodialysis patients.With the continuous improvement of the economic level,people's quality of life has been continuously improved.However,the incidence rates of diabetes,obesity and other diseases have also increased,resulting in a significant increase in the difficulty degree of creating vascular access,and the probability of complications occurring after surgery is also increasing.With the continuous development of blood purification technology,the progress of vascular access has been promoted.Artificial vascular fistulas made from polymer synthetic materials and implanted vascular fistulas have been applied in clinical treatment.Nurses are an important part to promote the development of vascular access.Careful observation and normative science nursing by nursing staff can effectively reduce and prevent the occurrence of postoperative complications.However,because there are some differences in patients'physical conditions,specific nursing measures and medical devices have become the main research topic of blood purification vascular access nursing.This paper reviews the nursing progress of blood purification vascular access,in order to provide assistance for the smooth progress of blood purification.