育龄女性烟草暴露情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of tobacco exposure and influencing factorsin women of childbearing age

目的分析育龄女性烟草暴露的影响因素,为减少孕妇烟草暴露提供帮助。方法选取2021年5—12月天津市河东区妇幼保健计划生育服务中心接收的784例育龄期女性为研究对象,通过烟草暴露问卷进行调查,统计女性主动吸烟率、被动吸烟率,记录年龄、文化程度、饮酒习惯、配偶吸烟等信息。比较主动吸烟和非主动吸烟、被动吸烟与非被动吸烟的调查结果,并进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果主动吸烟组女性年龄明显高于非主动吸烟组,主动吸烟组饮酒率为50.00%、配偶吸烟率为96.67%,分别高于非主动吸烟组的20.03%和33.16%,文化程度明显低于非主动吸烟组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,饮酒习惯、配偶吸烟是育龄女性的主动吸烟的影响因素。被动吸烟组饮酒率为32.31%、配偶吸烟率为81.54%,明显高于非被动吸烟组的20.17%和31.43%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,配偶吸烟是育龄女性的被动吸烟的影响因素。结论育龄女性烟草暴露与年龄、文化程度、饮酒习惯、配偶吸烟等密切相关,需加强备孕知识、烟草暴露危害等宣教,重视家庭环境管理,以减少孕妇烟草暴露情况。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of tobacco exposure in women of childbearing age,in order to provide help for reducing tobacco exposure of pregnant women.Methods From May to December 2021,784 women of childbearing age who were received by Tianjin Hedong District Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center were selected as the research objects.Through the tobacco exposure questionnaire,the active smoking rate and passive smoking rate of women were calculated.The age,educational level,drinking habits,spouse smoking and other information were recorded.The survey results of active smoking and non active smoking,passive smoking and non passive smoking were compared,multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted.Results The age of women in the active smoking group was significantly higher than that in the non active smoking group,the drinking rate was 50.00%and the spouse smoking rate was 96.67%,which were higher than the non active smoking group with 20.03%and 33.16%,the education level was significantly lower than that of the non active smoking group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption and spouse smoking were the influencing factors for active smoking among women of childbearing age.The drinking rate was 32.31%,and the smoking rate of the spouse was 81.54%in the passive smoking group,which were significantly higher than the 20.17%and 31.43%in the non passive smoking group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that spouse smoking was a contributing factor to passive smoking among women of childbearing age.Conclusion Tobacco exposure in women of childbearing age was closely related to age,educational level,drinking habits,spouse smoking,etc.It was necessary to strengthen education on pregnancy preparation knowledge,tobacco exposure hazards,and pay attention to family environmental management to reduce tobacco exposure among pregnant women.