现行《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》《国家基本药物目录》收录呼吸系统药物对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Respiratory System Medicines Recorded in the Current

目的为我国新型冠状病毒(简称新冠病毒)感染后时期遴选呼吸系统基本药物目录提供参考。方法描述性统计并比较2021年版《世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单》(WHO-EML-2021)和2018年版《国家基本药物目录》(NEML-2018)中收录呼吸系统药物在分类、品种、剂型、规格等方面的异同。结果分类,两目录中收录种类有4种,其中平喘药又分5类;品种,WHO-EML-2021收录20种,NEML-2018收录16种,共同收录6种;剂型,WHO-EML-2021收录6种(气雾剂最多),NEML-2018收录13种(片剂最多),共同收录5种。两目录共同收录药物均以吸入雾化剂型为主,其中4种的剂型和规格一致;WHO-EML-2021收录剂型5种(1种为该目录特有剂型)、规格11种(7种为该目录特有规格),NEML-2018分别收录4种(1种为该目录特有剂型)、15种(10种为该目录特有规格)。结论NEML-2018收录呼吸系统用药品种更全面,规格更多,更符合当下所需;WHO-EML-2021在药品评价、调整周期及目录构建方式等方面有独特优势及合理性。我国可择优借鉴,定期、规范、合理优化呼吸系统用药目录,逐步完善呼吸系统基本药物组织框架,为新冠病毒感染后时期的用药提供保障。

Objective To provide a reference for the selection of respiratory essential medicines list in the post period of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)in China.Methods The similarities and differences of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines(2021 Edition,WHO-EML-2021)and the National Essential Medicines List(2018 Edition,NEML-2018)were compared in terms of classification,variety,dosage form and specification of respiratory system medicines based on the descriptive statistics.Results For classification,there were a total of four categories of respiratory system medicines in the two lists,among which antiasthmatic drugs were divided into five types.For variety,there were 20 and 16 kinds of drugs in the WHO-EML-2021 and NEML-2018 respectively,including six common kinds.For dosage form,there were six dosage forms in the WHO-EML-2021(aerosols were the most)and thirteen dosage forms in the NEML-2018(tablets were the most),including five common dosage forms.The common medicines in the two lists were mainly inhalation atomizing preparations,the dosage forms and specifications of four preparations were consistent.There were five dosage forms(one was unique in this list),11 specifications(seven were unique in this list)in the WHO-EML-2021,four dosage forms(one was unique in this list)and 15 specifications(10 were unique in this list)in the NEML-2018.Conclusion NEML-2018 includes more varieties and specifications of respiratory system medicines,which is more in line with current needs.WHO-EML-2021 has unique advantage and rationality in medicine evaluation,cycle adjustment and list formulation.We can learn from others to optimize the respiratory system medicines list regularly,normatively and reasonably,gradually improve the organizational framework of respiratory system essential medicines,and provide a guarantee for drug use in the post period of COVID-19.