跨文化背景下预科留学生汉语学习动机消减的调查研究

A Survey of the Decline in Chinese Language Learning Motivation Among Preparatory International Students Under the Cross-cultural Background

运用定量研究的方法,通过对某高校预科部5个班级的75名学生进行问卷调查,分析来华学习了一个学期汉语后,预科留学生学习动机消减的原因以及学习动机类型和汉语习得之间的关系。研究结果表明,留学生学习动机中内部动机最强,其变化对汉语习得影响最大。此外,留学生个人的情感变化、老师教学方法和课堂教学形式等方面都会对学习动机产生影响。为改善预科留学生学习汉语动机消减现状,建议:学习者巩固和加强已有的学习动机,积极使用汉语进行交际,并及时消除学习动机消减因素;教师理解关爱学生,因材施教,重视教学;课堂上,要注意教学语言的选择、教材的选用和汉语知识的拓展。

This study uses quantitative research method to investigate the reasons for the decline in motivation in Chinese language learning and the relationship between the types of motivation and Chinese language acquisition among the international students who had come to China to study Chinese for one semester.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among 75 students from five classes in the preparatory department of a university,this paper finds that internal motivation is the strongest and its change has the greatest influence on Chinese acquisition.In addition,students’learning motivation are influenced by other factors such as students’personal emotional changes,teaching methods and classroom teaching styles.In order to improve this situation,the following suggestions are proposed:students should consolidate and strengthen their existing learning motivation,use Chinese actively for communication,and eliminate the factors affected motivation decline in time;teachers should understand and care for their students,and teach students in accordance with their aptitude;and in the classroom,attention should be paid to the choice of teaching language,teaching materials,and the expansion of the knowledge of Chinese language.